The Lycian Sarcophagus of Arttumpara, Pınara, Turkey: Testing Seismogenic and Anthropogenic Damage Scenarios
The Lycian Sarcophagus of Arttumpara, Pınara, Turkey: Testing Seismogenic and Anthropogenic Damage Scenarios
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土耳其皮纳拉 Arttumpara 的利西亚石棺：测试地震和人为损坏场景
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
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通讯作者：
Baris Yerli
中科院分区：
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作者：
K. Hinzen;S. Schreiber;Baris Yerli
摘要位于土耳其西南部皮纳拉古城的吕西亚石棺相对于其南北向的地基顺时针旋转了6.37°。考虑到该地区的地震构造潜力，这种旋转以前被归因于地震地面运动。我们根据3D激光扫描的1150万个点呈现了石棺的3D模型。石棺显示棺材东侧有一个弹坑，这很可能是抢劫时爆炸造成的。由于旋转的方向与爆炸所预期的运动方向一致，我们将试图量化旋转是否有自然、地震或人为原因。我们用刚性块体模型研究了爆炸或地震地面运动作为棺材旋转原因的可行性。尺度记录的地面运动从当地地震和强震记录从最近的拉奎拉，意大利，地震（M w 6.3）被用来研究石棺的动态反应。计算结果表明，结构的几何形状需要大的峰值地面加速度振幅开始摇摆（4米/秒2以上），这种摇摆反过来又是必要的，以产生围绕垂直轴的平移运动的旋转。爆炸的大小是从弹坑的大小反算出来的，并与旋转棺材所需的脉冲的持续时间和振幅进行比较。所有地震模拟产生的小旋转和使棺材旋转所需的合理爆炸大小使爆炸成为石棺旋转的可能性比地震大得多。
Abstract A Lycian sarcophagus located in the ancient city of Pinara, southwest Turkey, shows a clockwise rotation of 6.37° with respect to its north–south oriented foundation. Considering the seismotectonic potential of the area, this rotation has been attributed to earthquake ground motion before. We present a 3D model of the sarcophagus based on 11.5 million points from a 3D laser scan. The sarcophagus shows a crater in the eastern side of the coffin, which was most probably caused by the detonation of an explosive charge during looting. As the direction of the rotation agrees with the sense of motion expected from a blast, we will attempt to quantify whether the rotation has a natural, seismogenic, or anthropogenic cause. With a rigid block model we studied the feasibility of an explosion or earthquake ground motion as the reason for the rotation of the coffin. Scaled recorded ground motions from local earthquakes and a strong-motion record from the recent L’Aquila, Italy, earthquake ( M w 6.3) were used to study the sarcophagus dynamic reactions. The calculations show that the geometry of the structure requires large peak ground acceleration amplitudes to initiate rocking (above 4 m/s 2 ); this rocking in turn is necessary to produce rotation around the vertical axis by translational movements. The size of the explosion is back-calculated from the crater size and compared with duration and amplitude of an impulse necessary to rotate the coffin. The small rotations resulting from all earthquake simulations and the plausible explosion size necessary to rotate the coffin by the observed amount make an explosion a much more probable cause for the rotation of the sarcophagus than an earthquake.