The return to water in ancestral Xenopus was accompanied by a novel mechanism for producing and shaping vocal signals
The return to water in ancestral Xenopus was accompanied by a novel mechanism for producing and shaping vocal signals
复制标题
爪蟾祖先回归水中伴随着一种产生和塑造声音信号的新机制
作者：
Ursula Kwong;M. Tobias;D. Elias;I. C. Hall;C. Elemans;D. Kelley
特定物种的声音信号让听者找到潜在的配偶。在四足动物从水中过渡到陆地的过程中，肺取代了鳃，允许呼气来驱动声音的产生。几个群体，例如鲸目动物和一些青蛙，然后回到水中。在这里，我们将探讨如何空气驱动的声音生产改变后，重新进入和重要的声学信息的物种身份被保存在第二次水生青蛙爪蟾。我们拍摄了软骨和肌肉的运动过程中诱发的声音产生在孤立的喉。我们的研究结果驳斥了目前的理论爪蟾发声，空化，而不是有利于声音的产生，喉杓状软骨盘的快速分离后，喉共振模式的机械激励。由此产生的频率共振模式（二元）是喉固有的，而不是由于神经肌肉控制。我们表明，二分体是一个独特的声学签名跨物种。虽然二分体组件频率跨物种重叠，它们的比例是共享的每个爪蟾分支内，从而提供物种身份的信息，可能促进同种本地化和古老的物种分歧。
Species-specific vocal signals allow listeners to locate potential mates. During the tetrapod transition from water to land, lungs replaced gills, allowing expiration to drive sound production. Several groups, e.g. cetaceans and some frogs, then returned to water. Here we explore how air-driven sound production changed upon re-entry and how essential acoustic information on species identity was preserved in the secondarily aquatic frog Xenopus. We filmed movements of cartilage and muscles during evoked sound production in isolated larynges. Our results refute the current theory for Xenopus vocalization, cavitation, and instead favor sound production by mechanical excitation of laryngeal resonance modes following rapid separation of laryngeal arytenoid discs. The resulting frequency resonance modes (dyads) are intrinsic to the larynx rather than due to neuromuscular control. We show that dyads are a distinctive acoustic signature across species. While dyad component frequencies overlap across species, their ratio is shared within each Xenopus clade and thus provide information on species identity, potentially facilitating both conspecific localization and ancient species divergence.
影响因子：
1.3
作者：
Tobias ML;Evans BJ;Kelley DB
通讯作者：
Kelley DB