SHORT-TERM-MEMORY STORAGE AND RETENTION - AN EVENT-RELATED BRAIN POTENTIAL STUDY
SHORT-TERM-MEMORY STORAGE AND RETENTION - AN EVENT-RELATED BRAIN POTENTIAL STUDY
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DOI：
10.1016/0013-4694(90)90096-3
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发表时间：
1990-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
RITTER, W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
RUCHKIN, DS;JOHNSON, R;RITTER, W
本实验研究了事件相关脑电位（ERP）活动对工作记忆中信息短期储存和保留的影响。我们的方法是记录在改变任务刺激中的项目数量（1、3或6）时，必须记住的刺激所引发的erp。为了区分与知觉复杂性和信息保留相关的ERP效应，有第二个条件，要求受试者在任务刺激中搜索与先前呈现的项目相匹配的项目。因此，在搜索条件下，受试者只需要记住一个项目（匹配或不匹配）。在任务刺激抵消后2450毫秒记录ERP活动。两个长时程成分随着任务和记忆负荷的变化而变化：后向正波和前向负波。后验正波振幅在记忆任务中与信息负荷直接相关，在搜索任务中可以忽略不计。后向正波之后是额向负波，该负波在记忆任务的最高负荷水平出现，但在搜索任务中完全不存在。在两个任务中都诱发了P3b。P3b对信息获取过程敏感，但不区分记忆保留和视觉搜索过程。P3b振幅不随任务和负荷变化，但其潜伏期随任务和负荷增加而增加。
This experiment was concerned with event-related brain potential (ERP) activity to short-term storage and retention of information in working memory. Our approach was to record the ERPs elicited by a stimulus that had to be memorized while varying the number of items (1, 3 or 6) in the task stimulus. In order to distinguish between ERP effects associated with perceptual complexity and retention of information, there was a second condition in which subjects were required to search the task stimulus for a match with a previously presented item. Thus, in the search condition subjects only had to remember one item (match or mismatch). ERP activity was recorded for 2450 msec after task stimulus offset. Two long-duration components varied as a function of task and memory load: a posterior positive wave and a frontal negative wave. Posterior positive wave amplitude was directly related to information load in the memory task but was negligible in the search task. Following the posterior positive wave was a frontal negative wave which occurred at the highest load level in the memory task but was totally absent in the search task. A P3b was elicited in both tasks. P3b was sensitive to information acquisition processes, but it did not distinguish between memory retention and visual search processes. While P3b amplitude did not vary with task or load, its latency increased with load in both tasks.