Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their oxygenated derivatives in the urban atmosphere of Athens
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their oxygenated derivatives in the urban atmosphere of Athens
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.07.023
复制
发表时间：
2009-12-15
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Rapsomanikis, S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Andreou, G.;Rapsomanikis, S.
本文采用溶剂萃取和气相色谱-质谱联用技术对雅典两个城市环境中粗、细有机颗粒物进行了定量分析，测定了多环芳烃（PAHs）和氧化多环芳烃（oxyPAHs）的含量。在寒冷干燥期和夏季两个不同的月期间观测到不同的浓度，分别与强的当地初级排放和较稳定的气象条件下的较低排放有关。此外，对所选多环芳烃的气态浓度进行了计算，结果表明，在夏季和冬末，个别化合物的气态相和颗粒相的相对比例可能存在显著差异，这反映了多环芳烃排放源和气候条件的变化。事实上，几乎所有Sigma多环芳烃都归因于燃烧源（82-92%），而一半以上被认为包含可能的人类致癌物（47-62%）。当采用适当的诊断比和交通标志化合物时，交通是多环芳烃的主要贡献者。该方法还使用甲基菲与菲的比值估算了柴油与汽油对大气多环芳烃负荷的贡献。测定的14种含氧多环化合物在较冷时期浓度较高。其中9,10-菲醌、1-芘甲醛和9h -芴-9- 1的浓度最高。(C) 2009 Elsevier B.V.版权所有
Ambient samples of coarse and fine organic particulate matter collected from two urban sites in the city of Athens over one warm and one cold period have been solvent-extracted and quantitatively characterized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for their content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and oxidized PAHs (oxyPAHs). Variable concentrations were observed for the two distinct monthly periods representing a cold, dry period and a summer period, relating to strong local primary emissions and to lower emissions with more stable meteorological conditions, respectively. Additionally, gaseous concentrations of selected PAHs were calculated, revealing that the relative proportions between gaseous and particle phase of individual compounds may differ significantly between summer and late winter, reflecting changes in PAH emission sources and climate conditions. In fact almost all of Sigma PAHs were attributed to combustion sources (82-92%), while more than half are considered as comprising of probable human carcinogens (47-62%). Traffic was confirmed as the major contributor of PAHs when appropriate diagnostic ratios and traffic marker compounds were used. This approach also led to the estimation of diesel versus petrol contribution to the atmospheric PAH burden, using the methylphenanthrene to phenanthrene ratio. The fourteen oxygenated polycyclic compounds that were quantified had greater concentrations in the colder period. Among these compounds 9,10-phenanthrenequinone, 1-pyrenecarboxaldehyde and 9H-fluoren-9-one had the highest concentrations. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.