Participatory technology development for animal traction: experiences from a semi-arid area of Kenya
Participatory technology development for animal traction: experiences from a semi-arid area of Kenya
复制标题
动物牵引的参与式技术开发：肯尼亚半干旱地区的经验
DOI：
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发表时间：
1999
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Boniface Mwaniki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
D. Mellis;H. Matsaert;Boniface Mwaniki
作为使目标群体更多地参与发展和研究活动这一总趋势的一部分，目前正在更经常地采用参与性办法。最近有人主张，开发性技术开发是唯一适用于资源贫乏、边际化和复杂的耕作制度的研究和开发进程，例如撒哈拉以南非洲半干旱地区的耕作制度。人们常常声称，采用参与性方法比采用传统的技术转让方法更容易实现增强参与者的能力、增强农民和工匠对自己知识的信心、提高客户的创新和试验能力以及增强科普变化的能力。本文借鉴了参与性发展的经验，在一个试点方案，金属工人和农民在半干旱地区的下恩布和塔拉卡，肯尼亚。通过一个非政府组织（农具和工具基金会）、一个政府应用研究和推广项目（旱地应用研究和推广项目）、政府推广人员（农村技术开发股）和当地商业贸易商的参与，探讨了体制问题。在动物牵引的背景下，参与式技术开发的机会和障碍进行了探讨，并提出了应对挑战的选择。
As part of the general trend towards involving the target group more in development and research activities, participatory approaches are being used more frequently. Participatory Technology Development has been advocated recently as the only research and development process applicable to resource-poor, marginal and complex farming systems such as those found in semi-arid areas of sub-Saharan Africa. Empowerment of the participants, increased confidence of farmers and artisans in their own knowledge, improved capacity of clients to innovate and experiment, and an enhanced ability to cope with change are often claimed to be more achievable using participatory methods than through traditional technology transfer methods. This paper draws on experiences of participatory development in a pilot programme with metal workers and farmers in the semi-arid areas of Lower Embu and Tharaka, Kenya. Institutional issues are explored through the involvement of an NGO (Farm Implements and Tools, FIT), a government applied research and extension project (The Dryland Applied Research and Extension Project, DAREP), government extension staff (Rural Technology Development Unit, RTDU) and local commercial traders. The opportunities and obstacles of participatory technology development are explored in the context of animal traction and options for meeting the challenges are suggested.