Formation of levees, troughs and elevated channels by avalanches on erodible slopes
Formation of levees, troughs and elevated channels by avalanches on erodible slopes
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侵蚀斜坡上的雪崩形成堤坝、槽沟和高架河道
DOI：
10.1017/jfm.2017.309
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Edwards A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Edwards A
雪崩通常发生在边缘稳定的斜坡上，表面有一层新雪，很容易融入其中。前部雪的侵蚀对于雪崩的动态和增长至关重要，它们可能会迅速膨胀，使其比最初释放的破坏性更大。雪也可能沉积在水流的后部、底部和侧面，侵蚀和沉积的净平衡决定雪崩是增长还是衰减。本文在具有碳化硅颗粒静态侵蚀层的粗糙斜面上进行了小规模模拟实验。静态层是通过缓慢关闭斜坡顶部料斗的流量来准备的。这留下了厚度均匀的深度层 - Gray & Edwards 的流变学（J. Fluid Mech.，第 755 卷，2014 年，第 503-544 页）可以开发一个二维浅水类雪崩模型，定性地捕获所有实验观察到的行为。此外，计算出的波速、波峰高度和静止层厚度，以及衰变雪崩传播的距离，都与实验有很好的定量一致性。因此，该模型可能对模拟雪崩的发生、增长和衰减以进行灾害评估和风险缓解具有重要的实际意义。
Snow avalanches are typically initiated on marginally stable slopes with a surface layer of fresh snow that may easily be incorporated into them. The erosion of snow at the front is fundamental to the dynamics and growth of snow avalanches and they may rapidly bulk up, making them much more destructive than the initial release. Snow may also deposit at the rear, base and sides of the flow and the net balance of erosion and deposition determines whether an avalanche grows or decays. In this paper, small-scale analogue experiments are performed on a rough inclined plane with a static erodible layer of carborundum grains. The static layer is prepared by slowly closing down a flow from a hopper at the top of the slope. This leaves behind a uniform-depth layer of thickness -rheology of Gray & Edwards (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 755, 2014, pp. 503–544) it is possible to develop a two-dimensional shallow-water-like avalanche model that qualitatively captures all of the experimentally observed behaviour. Furthermore, the computed wavespeed, wave peak height and stationary layer thickness, as well as the distance travelled by decaying avalanches, are all in good quantitative agreement with the experiments. This model is therefore likely to have important practical implications for modelling the initiation, growth and decay of snow avalanches for hazard assessment and risk mitigation.
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影响因子：
4.1
作者：
M. Eglit;K. S. Demidov
通讯作者：
M. Eglit;K. S. Demidov
影响因子：
2.4
作者：
É. Clément;F. Malloggi;B. Andreotti;I. Aranson
通讯作者：
I. Aranson
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
J. L. Baker;T. Barker;J. Gray
通讯作者：
J. L. Baker;T. Barker;J. Gray
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
B. Sovilla;P. Bartelt
通讯作者：
P. Bartelt
平滑二维凹凸上颗粒流的多种解决方案
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
S. Viroulet;J. Baker;A. Edwards;C. Johnson;C. Gjaltema;P. Clavel;J. Gray
通讯作者：
J. Gray