Endocytosis of Environmental and Engineered Micro- and Nanosized Particles
Endocytosis of Environmental and Engineered Micro- and Nanosized Particles
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DOI：
10.1002/cphy.c100035
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发表时间：
2011-07-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Rothen-Rutishauser, Barbara
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gehr, Peter;Clift, Martin J. D.;Rothen-Rutishauser, Barbara
有许多关于细胞的研究，以了解粒子如何与它们相互作用。与通过吞噬作用或巨胞饮作用主动摄取的微米级颗粒相反，纳米级颗粒可以通过不同的内吞途径或通过另一种尚未定义的机制被细胞摄取。有越来越多的证据表明，纳米颗粒是一种特别的风险，因为它们含有高含量的有机化学品，并且由于与散装材料相比，颗粒的表面积与体积比高，因此具有促氧化潜力。本文的目标是了解颗粒与生物系统的相互作用，特别考虑纳米颗粒（NP）与肺细胞的相互作用。人们试图理解，NP如何与细胞膜相互作用，因为它几乎是未知的，它们如何被细胞吸收，它们如何在细胞中运输，以及它们如何与亚细胞区室相互作用，如线粒体或细胞核。细胞倾向于保护自己免受任何外来物质的侵害。一般来说，他们试图消除颗粒入侵者，这就是他们通常管理的微米级颗粒。然而，对于NPs，情况就不同了。NP可能不容易被消除，因此可能刺激细胞以不利的方式反应。我们可以了解到的是，纳米粒子的行为与微粒不同。(C)2011年美国生理学会。Compr Physiol 1：1159-1174，2011年。
There are many studies with cells to find out how particles interact with them. In contrast to micronsized particles, which are actively taken up by phagocytosis or macropinocytosis, nanosized particles may be taken up by cells through different endocytic pathways or by another, yet to be defined mechanism. There is increasing evidence that it is the nanosized particles, which are a particular risk because of their high content of organic chemicals and their pro-oxidative potential due to the high surface-to-volume ratio of the particles as compared to the bulk material. It is the goal of this article to create an understanding for the interaction of particles with biological systems, with particular consideration of the interaction of nanoparticles (NPs) with lung cells. One is attempting to understand, how NPs interact with cellular membranes, as it is hardly known, how they are taken up by cells, how they are trafficking in cells, and how they interact with subcellular compartments, such as with mitochondria or with the nucleus. Cells tend to defend themselves against any foreign material, which is taken up. In general, they try to eliminate particulate intruders and this is what they usually manage with micronsized particles. However, with NPs it is different. NPs may not be eliminated easily, and, hence may stimulate the cells to react in an unfavorable way. What we can learn is that NPs behave differently than microparticles. (C) 2011 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 1:1159-1174, 2011.