Impact of UV-A radiation on the performance of aphids and whiteflies and on the leaf chemistry of their host plants
Impact of UV-A radiation on the performance of aphids and whiteflies and on the leaf chemistry of their host plants
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2014.06.009
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发表时间：
2014-09-05
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Fereres, Alberto
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dader, Beatriz;Gwynn-Jones, Dylan;Fereres, Alberto
紫外线辐射除了通过植物化学和形态发生的变化间接影响昆虫的成功外，还直接调节多种草食动物的生命过程。在这里，我们观察了温室环境中植物和昆虫(蚜虫和粉虱)对补充UV-A辐射的暴露，并调查了对昆虫种群增长的影响。温室里种植的辣椒和茄子是用新型塑料过滤器覆盖的笼子里的种子培育出来的，一个透明，另一个对UV-A辐射不透明。在辣椒的10真叶期(53天)和茄子的4真叶期(34天)，分别采集植株进行化学分析，并分别采集植株进行蚜虫和白蝇的为害。采用夹笼引种和监测害虫适合度和种群数量。对昆虫的生殖前期、繁殖力、繁殖力和自然增长率进行了评估。在辣椒和茄子的整个作物周期中，分别对作物生长进行了为期7周和12周的每周监测。在昆虫适合性实验结束时，采集植株(辣椒68天和18真叶期，茄子104天和12真叶期)，并对叶片进行次生代谢产物、可溶性碳水化合物、氨基酸、总蛋白和光合色素的分析。我们的结果首次证明，UV-A调节植物化学，并对害虫产生影响。这两种植物都通过产生较短的茎来直接对UV-A作出反应，但这种影响只在辣椒中显着，而UV-A对这两种植物的叶面积都没有影响。重要的是，UV-A处理的辣椒植株含有较高的次生代谢物、叶片可溶性碳水化合物、游离氨基酸和总蛋白质含量。组织化学的这种变化可能间接地促进了蚜虫的表现。对于茄子来说，在整个作物周期内，补充UV-A会降低叶绿素a、b和类胡萝卜素的水平，但UV-A照射不会影响叶片的次生代谢产物。然而，暴露在补充UV-A下对粉虱的发育、繁殖力和繁殖力都有不利影响，可能不是由植物信号介导的，因为害虫营养中隐含的化合物-蛋白质和糖-没有改变。(C)2014爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation directly regulates a multitude of herbivore life processes, in addition to indirectly affecting insect success via changes in plant chemistry and morphogenesis. Here we looked at plant and insect (aphid and whitefly) exposure to supplemental UV-A radiation in the glasshouse environment and investigated effects on insect population growth. Glasshouse grown peppers and eggplants were grown from seed inside cages covered by novel plastic filters, one transparent and the other opaque to UV-A radiation. At a 10-true leaf stage for peppers (53 days) and 4-true leaf stage for eggplants (34 days), plants were harvested for chemical analysis and infested by aphids and white-flies, respectively. Clip-cages were used to introduce and monitor the insect fitness and populations of the pests studied. Insect pre-reproductive period, fecundity, fertility and intrinsic rate of natural increase were assessed. Crop growth was monitored weekly for 7 and 12 weeks throughout the crop cycle of peppers and eggplants, respectively. At the end of the insect fitness experiment, plants were harvested (68 days and 18-true leaf stage for peppers, and 104 days and 12-true leaf stage for eggplants) and leaves analysed for secondary metabolites, soluble carbohydrates, amino acids, total proteins and photosynthetic pigments. Our results demonstrate for the first time, that UV-A modulates plant chemistry with implications for insect pests. Both plant species responded directly to UV-A by producing shorter stems but this effect was only significant in pepper whilst UV-A did not affect the leaf area of either species. Importantly, in pepper, the UV-A treated plants contained higher contents of secondary metabolites, leaf soluble carbohydrates, free amino acids and total content of protein. Such changes in tissue chemistry may have indirectly promoted aphid performance. For eggplants, chlorophylls a and b, and carotenoid levels decreased with supplemental UV-A over the entire crop cycle but UV-A exposure did not affect leaf secondary metabolites. However, exposure to supplemental UV-A had a detrimental effect on whitefly development, fecundity and fertility presumably not mediated by plant cues as compounds implied in pest nutrition - proteins and sugars - were unaltered. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.