Effects of daylength and hopper density on reproductive traits in a Japanese population of the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria L.
Effects of daylength and hopper density on reproductive traits in a Japanese population of the migratory locust, Locusta migratoria L.
复制标题
日照长度和蝗虫密度对日本飞蝗种群繁殖性状的影响。
DOI：
10.1016/0022-1910(93)90039-t
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发表时间：
1993
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Eishi Hasegawa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. Tanaka;Takumi Hakomori;Eishi Hasegawa
研究光周期、温度和饲养密度对性成熟速率的影响，以阐明飞蝗二化种群的生命周期策略。在日本。 50%的雌性在较长的光周期下开始产卵所需的时间较长，当它们作为跳跃者聚集在一起并作为成对隔离时。拥挤加上长日照抑制了性成熟。这种抑制似乎与迁徙活动有关。当暴露在短日照下时，拥挤的蝗虫在成虫羽化后不久就会产卵，为该物种在卵阶段越冬做好准备。在以跳跃者和成虫形式分离的蝗虫中，中等光周期发生的繁殖抑制不如长光周期强烈。现场采集的单独蝗虫在实验室和室外条件下成对饲养，在产卵前期表现出明显的季节变化。估计产卵前期间经历的热量在生长季节开始和结束时相对较小，而在仲夏时经历的热量较大，此时蝗虫遇到中等白天长度和高温。这种性成熟的控制是温度补偿的，因为第二代蝗虫在凉爽的年份没有表现出产卵的任何明显延迟。这些反应似乎与相多态性和伏丁现象密切相关。
The effects of photoperiod, temperature and rearing density on the rate of sexual maturation were studied to clarify the life cycle strategy in a bivoltine population ofLocusta migratoraL. in Japan. The time required for 50% of females to start oviposition was longer at a longer photoperiod when they were crowded as hoppers and isolated as pairs of adults. Crowding combined with long days suppressed sexual maturation. This suppression appears related to migratory activity. When exposed to short days, crowded locusts deposited eggs shortly after adult emergence, preparing the species for overwintering in the egg stage. In locusts isolated as hoppers and adults, the reproductive suppression occurring at an intermediate photoperiod was less intense than at a long photoperiod. Field-collected solitary locusts kept as pairs under laboratory and outdoor conditions showed a conspicuous seasonal variation in the pre-oviposition period. The estimated amount of heat experienced during the pre-oviposition period was relatively small at the beginning and the end of the growing season, and large in mid-summer when locusts encountered intermediate daylengths and high temperatures. This control of sexual maturation is temperature-compensated because locusts in the second generation did not show any marked delay in oviposition in a cool year. These responses appear related closely to phase polymorphism and voltinism.