Rules warp feature encoding in decision-making circuits.
Rules warp feature encoding in decision-making circuits.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pbio.3000951
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发表时间：
2020-11
期刊：
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Hayden BY
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ebitz RB;Tu JC;Hayden BY
我们有能力遵循任意的刺激-反应规则，即指导我们行为的简单政策。规则身份在决策回路中被广泛编码，但关于规则如何塑造导致选择的计算的数据较少。一个想法是规则可以简化这些计算。当我们遵循规则时，就不需要编码或计算与当前规则无关的信息，这可以减少决策的代谢或能量需求。然而，目前尚不清楚大脑是否真的可以利用这种计算简单性。为了验证这一想法，我们记录了与决策相关的3个区域的神经元，即眶额皮质（OFC），腹侧纹状体（VS）和背侧纹状体（DS），而猕猴则执行基于规则的决策任务。基于规则的决策通过建模规则作为决策的潜在原因来识别。这给我们留下了一组物理上相同的选择，这些选择可以最大化奖励和信息，但不能用简单的刺激-反应规则来解释。将基于规则的选择与这些剩余选择进行对比，发现遵循规则（1）降低了决策的能量成本;（2）扩展了规则相关的编码维度，压缩了规则无关的编码维度。总之，这些结果表明，我们使用规则，部分原因是因为它们通过决策电路中的分布式代表性扭曲来降低决策成本。遵循一条简单的规则比权衡和整合每一条证据到一个决定中更容易;这项研究通过研究遵循规则如何改变大脑中做出决定的方式来探讨为什么会这样。
We have the capacity to follow arbitrary stimulus–response rules, meaning simple policies that guide our behavior. Rule identity is broadly encoded across decision-making circuits, but there are less data on how rules shape the computations that lead to choices. One idea is that rules could simplify these computations. When we follow a rule, there is no need to encode or compute information that is irrelevant to the current rule, which could reduce the metabolic or energetic demands of decision-making. However, it is not clear if the brain can actually take advantage of this computational simplicity. To test this idea, we recorded from neurons in 3 regions linked to decision-making, the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), ventral striatum (VS), and dorsal striatum (DS), while macaques performed a rule-based decision-making task. Rule-based decisions were identified via modeling rules as the latent causes of decisions. This left us with a set of physically identical choices that maximized reward and information, but could not be explained by simple stimulus–response rules. Contrasting rule-based choices with these residual choices revealed that following rules (1) decreased the energetic cost of decision-making; and (2) expanded rule-relevant coding dimensions and compressed rule-irrelevant ones. Together, these results suggest that we use rules, in part, because they reduce the costs of decision-making through a distributed representational warping in decision-making circuits. Following a simple rule feels easier than weighing and integrating every piece of evidence into a decision; this study asks why this is the case through examining how following a rule changes the way that decisions are made in the brain.
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影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Daw, Nathaniel D.;O'Doherty, John P.;Dayan, Peter;Seymour, Ben;Dolan, Raymond J.
通讯作者：
Dolan, Raymond J.
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Costa, Vincent D.;Averbeck, Bruno B.
通讯作者：
Averbeck, Bruno B.
影响因子：
25
作者：
Cukur, Tolga;Nishimoto, Shinji;Huth, Alexander G.;Gallant, Jack L.
通讯作者：
Gallant, Jack L.
DOI：
10.1111/j.2517-6161.1995.tb02031.x
发表时间：
1995-01-01
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
BENJAMINI, Y;HOCHBERG, Y
通讯作者：
HOCHBERG, Y
影响因子：
25
作者：
Chawla, D;Rees, G;Friston, KJ
通讯作者：
Friston, KJ