Specific Disruption of Established Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms Using Polymer-Attacking Enzymes
Specific Disruption of Established Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms Using Polymer-Attacking Enzymes
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02188
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发表时间：
2020-02-18
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Gordon, Vernita Diane
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kovach, Kristin N.;Fleming, Derek;Gordon, Vernita Diane
生物膜是嵌入聚合物基质中的细菌群落，存在于感染和体外环境中。基质的分解使生物膜更容易受到物理破坏和抗生素等治疗的影响。不同种类的细菌以及同一种类内的不同菌株产生不同类型的基质聚合物。这表明针对特定聚合物进行破坏可能比破坏生物膜基质的非特异性方法更有效。在这项研究中，我们用针对不同基质聚合物的酶处理铜绿假单胞菌生物膜。我们使用本体神学测量了生物膜力学的变化，并使用电子显微镜测量了结构的变化。我们发现，对于体外生长的生物膜，当酶对主要基质聚合物具有特异性时，酶处理的效果最大。由于网络妥协导致扩散率增加，专门匹配的酶处理往往会降低屈服应变和屈服应力并提高生物膜干燥速率。电子显微照片定性地表明，匹配良好的酶处理可减少长程结构并缩短连接网络纤维。先前的研究表明，通用糖苷水解酶可以使细菌从体内和离体生物膜分散到自由游动状态，从而使抗生素治疗更加有效。对于在受伤小鼠体内生长的生物膜，我们发现，在体外导致最大机械损害的良好匹配治疗会诱导最少的离体扩散。此外，我们发现通用糖苷水解酶对体外生长的生物膜的力学没有可测量的影响，而之前的工作表明它们在体内和离体诱导分散方面非常有效。这凸显了根除生物膜的有效方法可能在很大程度上取决于生长环境的可能性。
Biofilms are communities of bacteria embedded in a polymeric matrix which are found in infections and in environments outside the body. Breaking down the matrix renders biofilms more susceptible to physical disruption and to treatments such as antibiotics. Different species of bacteria, and different strains within the same species, produce different types of matrix polymers. This suggests that targeting specific polymers for disruption may be more effective than nonspecific approaches to disrupting biofilm matrixes. In this study, we treated Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofihns with enzymes that are specific to different matrix polymers. We measured the resulting alteration in biofilm mechanics using bulk theology and changes in structure using electron microscopy. We find that, for biofilms grown in vitro, the effect of enzymatic treatment is greatest when the enzyme is specific to a dominant matrix polymer. Specifically matched enzymatic treatment tends to reduce yield strain and yield stress and increase the rate of biofilm drying, due to increased diffusivity as a result of network compromise. Electron micrographs qualitatively suggest that well-matched enzymatic treatments reduce long-range structure and shorten connecting network fibers. Previous work has shown that generic glycoside hydrolases can cause dispersal of bacteria from in vivo and ex vivo biofilms into a free-swimming state, and thereby make antibiotic treatment more effective. For biofilms grown in wounded mice, we find that well-matched treatments that result in the greatest mechanical compromise in vitro induce the least dispersal ex vivo. Moreover, we find that generic glycoside hydrolases have no measurable effect on the mechanics of biofilms grown in vitro, while previous work has shown them to be highly effective at inducing dispersal in vivo and ex vivo. This highlights the possibility that effective approaches to eradicating biofilms may depend strongly on the growth environment.