Reconsidering Ocean Calamities
Reconsidering Ocean Calamities
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DOI：
10.1093/biosci/biu198
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发表时间：
2015-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
10.1
通讯作者：
Nixon, Scott W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Duarte, Carlos M.;Fulweiler, Robinson W.;Nixon, Scott W.
影响海洋的若干压力的扩散正导致人们越来越担心海洋状况受到损害，这使社会陷入悲观。海洋灾害是对海洋生态系统的破坏性变化，影响深远，范围广泛或具有全球性。然而，对海洋灾害进行审查，以确保它们可以确信地归咎于人类驱动因素，在广泛或全球范围内运作，并对海洋社会生态系统造成严重破坏，这表明有些问题不符合这些要求，或者证据不明确。科学界内部和外部的一些偏见，在缺乏有力证据的情况下，助长了对海洋灾害的看法。对海洋灾害进行有组织的审计，可以更准确地诊断海洋状况，这可能有助于确定需要解决的最紧迫问题，以保护一个健康的海洋。
The proliferation of a number of pressures affecting the ocean is leading to a growing concern that the state of the ocean is compromised, which is driving society into pessimism. Ocean calamities are disruptive changes to ocean ecosystems that have profound impacts and that are widespread or global in scope. However, scrutiny of ocean calamities to ensure that they can be confidently attributed to human drivers, operate at widespread or global scales, and cause severe disruptions of marine social-ecosystems shows that some of the problems fail to meet these requirements or that the evidence is equivocal. A number of biases internal and external to the scientific community contribute to perpetuating the perception of ocean calamities in the absence of robust evidence. An organized auditing of ocean calamities may deliver a more precise diagnosis of the status of the oceans, which may help to identify the most pressing problems that need be addressed to conserve a healthy ocean.