Versatility of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in tissue repair and regenerative applications
Versatility of mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in tissue repair and regenerative applications
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biochi.2022.11.011
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发表时间：
2022-12-02
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Samsonraj, Rebekah Margaret
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Williams, Taylor;Salmanian, Ghazaleh;Samsonraj, Rebekah Margaret
间充质干细胞（Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells, MSCs）是一种多能体细胞，在再生医学领域得到了广泛的研究。间充质干细胞具有分泌可溶性因子和脂质结合的细胞外囊泡（EVs）的能力。由于其治疗特性，间充质干细胞获得了越来越多的兴趣和关注，这被认为是由于它们的分泌组。然而，尽管将间充质干细胞作为全细胞使用存在异质性问题和移植后的生存问题，但在无细胞的ev治疗中不存在此类限制。由于其免疫调节、促再生、抗炎和抗纤维化的活性，从间充质干细胞衍生的ev是治疗一系列临床疾病和疾病的有希望的药物。本文综述了近年来利用ev修复和再生受损组织（如心脏组织、肺、肝、胰腺、骨骼、皮肤、角膜和血液疾病）的临床前研究成果。我们还讨论了使用生物材料作为递送工具的电动汽车通过系统或局部管理的递送策略。尽管其在临床前研究中是有效的，但在临床环境中应用MSC-EV将需要仔细考虑以下问题：i)可扩展性和分离，ii)生物分布，iii)靶向特定组织，iv)定量和表征，以及v)剂量的安全性和有效性。电动汽车在再生医学中的应用前景广阔，但仍需进一步研究，以提高其疗效、可扩展性和临床应用潜力。(c) 2022作者。这是一篇基于CC by-nc-nd许可（http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/）的开放获取文章。
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent somatic cells that have been widely explored in the field of regenerative medicine. MSCs possess the ability to secrete soluble factors as well as lipid bound extracellular vesicles (EVs). MSCs have gained increased interest and attention as a result of their therapeutic properties, which are thought to be attributed to their secretome. However, while the use of MSCs as whole cells pose heterogeneity concerns and survival issues post-transplantation, such limi-tations are absent in cell-free EV-based treatments. EVs derived from MSCs are promising therapeutic agents for a range of clinical conditions and disorders owing to their immunomodulatory, pro -regenerative, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic activity. Recent successes with preclinical studies us-ing EVs for repair and regeneration of damaged tissues such as cardiac tissue, lung, liver, pancreas, bone, skin, cornea, and blood diseases are discussed in this review. We also discuss delivery strategies of EVs using biomaterials as delivery vehicles through systemic or local administration. Despite its effectiveness in preclinical investigations, the application of MSC-EV in clinical settings will necessitate careful consideration surrounding issues such as: i) scalability and isolation, ii) biodistribution, iii) targeting specific tissues, iv) quantification and characterization, and v) safety and efficacy of dosage. The future of EVs in regenerative medicine is promising yet still needs further investigation on enhancing the efficacy, scalability, and potency for clinical applications. (c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).