Profiles of MBL Cloud and Drizzle Microphysical Properties Retrieved From Ground‐Based Observations and Validated by Aircraft In Situ Measurements Over the Azores
Profiles of MBL Cloud and Drizzle Microphysical Properties Retrieved From Ground‐Based Observations and Validated by Aircraft In Situ Measurements Over the Azores
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DOI：
10.1029/2019jd032205
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发表时间：
2020-05
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Peng Wu;Xiquan Dong;B. Xi;Jingjing Tian;D. Ward
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文献类型：
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作者：
Peng Wu;Xiquan Dong;B. Xi;Jingjing Tian;D. Ward
海洋边界层(MBL)云和细雨微物理性质的廓线对于研究MBL云的云-雨转化和增长过程具有重要意义。然而，使用地面观测同时反演MBL云层内的云和毛毛雨微物理特性是一项具有挑战性的工作。在这项研究中，首先从大气辐射测量云雷达反射率测量中分解MBL云中的毛毛雨和云反射率，然后在东北大西洋东部的气溶胶和云实验(ACE-ENA)活动中同时提取云和毛毛雨的微物理性质。这些恢复的微物理特性，如云和毛毛雨颗粒大小(Rc和Rm，d)、它们的数浓度(Nc和Nd)以及液态水含量(LWCc和LWCd)，已在ACE-ENA期间(约158小时的飞机数据)通过飞机现场测量得到验证。(现场测量)RC、NC和LWCC的平均表面分别为10.9μm(11.8μm)、70 cm−3(60 cm−3)和0.21g m−3(0.22g m−3)。对于细雨微物理性质，反演(现场测量)的RD、ND和LWCd分别为44.9cm45.1μm、0.07 cm−3(0.08 cm−3)和0.052 g m−3(0.066 g m−3)。以飞机现场测量为例，估计的中位数误差为：RC为~15%，NC为~35%，LWCC和RD为~30%，ND和LWCd为~50%。这项研究的结果将为我们更好地理解暖雨过程以及改进模式模拟提供有洞察力的信息。需要对其他气候区域进行更多的研究。
The profiles of marine boundary layer (MBL) cloud and drizzle microphysical properties are important for studying the cloud‐to‐rain conversion and growth processes in MBL clouds. However, it is challenging to simultaneously retrieve both cloud and drizzle microphysical properties within an MBL cloud layer using ground‐based observations. In this study, methods were developed to first decompose drizzle and cloud reflectivity in MBL clouds from Atmospheric Radiation Measurement cloud radar reflectivity measurements and then simultaneously retrieve cloud and drizzle microphysical properties during the Aerosol and Cloud Experiments in the Eastern North Atlantic (ACE‐ENA) campaign. These retrieved microphysical properties, such as cloud and drizzle particle size (rc and rm,d), their number concentration (Nc and Nd) and liquid water content (LWCc and LWCd), have been validated by aircraft in situ measurements during ACE‐ENA (~158 hr of aircraft data). The mean surface retrieved (in situ measured) rc, Nc, and LWCc are 10.9 μm (11.8 μm), 70 cm−3 (60 cm−3), and 0.21 g m−3 (0.22 g m−3), respectively. For drizzle microphysical properties, the retrieved (in situ measured) rd, Nd, and LWCd are 44.9 μm (45.1 μm), 0.07 cm−3 (0.08 cm−3), and 0.052 g m−3 (0.066 g m−3), respectively. Treating the aircraft in situ measurements as truth, the estimated median retrieval errors are ~15% for rc, ~35% for Nc, ~30% for LWCc and rd, and ~50% for Nd and LWCd. The findings from this study will provide insightful information for improving our understanding of warm rain processes, as well as for improving model simulations. More studies are required over other climatic regions.