Oyster breakwater reefs promote adjacent mudflat stability and salt marsh growth in a monsoon dominated subtropical coast
Oyster breakwater reefs promote adjacent mudflat stability and salt marsh growth in a monsoon dominated subtropical coast
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DOI：
10.1038/s41598-019-44925-6
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发表时间：
2019-06
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
M. S. N. Chowdhury;B. Walles;S. Sharifuzzaman;M. Shahadat Hossain;T. Ysebaert;A. Smaal
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. S. N. Chowdhury;B. Walles;S. Sharifuzzaman;M. Shahadat Hossain;T. Ysebaert;A. Smaal
牡蛎礁有潜力成为改善海岸保护的生态工程师。进行了一项实地试验，以评估牡蛎防波堤礁对减轻季风主导的亚热带系统中海岸线侵蚀的效益。在孟加拉国东南海岸Kutubdia岛的一个受侵蚀的潮间带泥滩上，有三个防波堤礁和招募的牡蛎被部署。收集了礁体结构对波浪的耗散、岸线剖面的变化、侵蚀-增积模式、盐沼侧向运动及其相关生长等方面的数据。这一过程持续了四个季节，包括雨季。研究区观测到的波高范围为0.1 ~ 0.5 m。珊瑚礁能够消散波浪能量，并在0.5-1.0米的潮汐水位之间起到防波堤的作用。在水位<0.5 m时，波浪完全被珊瑚礁的垂直起伏所阻挡。暗礁背风侧沉积了29 cm的粘土沉积物，侵蚀量比对照减少了54%。珊瑚礁所造成的变化也促进了盐沼向海的扩张。这项研究表明，防波堤牡蛎礁可以减少侵蚀，捕获悬浮沉积物，并支持向海的盐沼扩张，这表明了作为保护亚热带海岸线的自然解决方案的潜力。
Oyster reefs have the potential as eco-engineers to improve coastal protection. A field experiment was undertaken to assess the benefit of oyster breakwater reefs to mitigate shoreline erosion in a monsoon-dominated subtropical system. Three breakwater reefs with recruited oysters were deployed on an eroding intertidal mudflat at Kutubdia Island, the southeast Bangladesh coast. Data were collected on wave dissipation by the reef structures, changes in shoreline profile, erosion-accretion patterns, and lateral saltmarsh movement and related growth. This was done over four seasons, including the rainy monsoon period. The observed wave heights in the study area ranged 0.1–0.5 m. The reefs were able to dissipate wave energy and act as breakwaters for tidal water levels between 0.5–1.0 m. Waves were totally blocked by the vertical relief of the reefs at water levels <0.5 m. On the lee side of the reefs, there was accretion of 29 cm clayey sediments with erosion reduction of 54% as compared to control sites. The changes caused by the deployed reefs also facilitated seaward expansion of the salt marsh. This study showed that breakwater oyster reefs can reduce erosion, trap suspended sediment, and support seaward saltmarsh expansion demonstrating the potential as a nature-based solution for protecting the subtropical coastlines.