Oxidation of water to hydrogen peroxide at the rock-water interface due to stress-activated electric currents in rocks
Oxidation of water to hydrogen peroxide at the rock-water interface due to stress-activated electric currents in rocks
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DOI：
10.1016/j.epsl.2009.03.044
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发表时间：
2009-06-15
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Freund, Friedernann T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Balk, Melike;Bose, Milton;Freund, Friedernann T.
普通的火成岩和高级变质岩含有休眠缺陷，当受到压力时会释放出电子电荷载体。因此，岩石的行为就像电池一样。感兴趣的电荷载流子是缺陷电子h（中心点），例如与O2-矩阵中的O-相关联的电子状态。被称为“正洞”或简称为phole，h（中心点）沿着应力梯度移动的距离在实验室中为米，在野外为公里。在岩石-水界面处，h（中心点）变成中心点O自由基，例如高活性氧物质，其将H2O氧化成H2 O2。对于每两个h（中心点）电荷载流子，形成一个H2 O2分子。在实验室中，通过将铜线从受压岩石延伸到无应力岩石来闭合电池电路。在现场，可以通过水的电解导电性来提供电路的闭合。h（中心点）电荷载流子的发现，它们的应力激活及其对地球表面环境的影响可能有助于更好地理解早期地球的氧化和早期生命的演化。(C)2009爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Common igneous and high-grade metamorphic rocks contain dormant defects, which release electronic charge carriers when stressed. Rocks thereby behave like a battery. The charge carriers of interest are defect electrons h(center dot), e.g. electronic states associated with O- in a matrix of O2-. Known as "positive holes" or pholes for short, the h(center dot) travel along stress gradients over distances on the order of meters in the laboratory and kilometers in the field. At rock-water interfaces the h(center dot) turn into center dot O radicals, e.g. highly reactive oxygen species, which oxidize H2O to H2O2. For every two h(center dot) charge carriers one H2O2 molecule is formed. In the laboratory the battery circuit is closed by running a Cu wire from the stressed to the unstressed rock In the field closure of the circuit may be provided through the electrolytical conductivity of water. The discovery of h(center dot) charge carriers, their stress-activation, and their effect on Earth's surface environment may help better understand the oxidation of the early Earth and the evolution of early life. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.