Common and different neural markers in major depression and anxiety disorders: A pilot structural magnetic resonance imaging study
Common and different neural markers in major depression and anxiety disorders: A pilot structural magnetic resonance imaging study
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DOI：
10.1016/j.pscychresns.2019.06.006
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发表时间：
2019-08-30
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Paolo, Brambilla
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eleonora, Maggioni;Giuseppe, Delvecchio;Paolo, Brambilla
尽管焦虑和抑郁经常同时发生并具有一些共同的临床特征，但目前尚不清楚它们在神经生物学上是否是不同或相似的过程。在这项研究中，我们探讨了抑郁症和焦虑症中常见和特定的皮质形态变化。磁共振成像数据来自 13 名重度抑郁症 (MDD)、11 名广泛性焦虑症 (GAD)、11 名恐慌症 (PD) 患者和 21 名健康对照 (HC)。测量并比较各组之间的区域皮质厚度、表面积（SA）、体积和回转。我们发现所有患者组的左眶额变薄，以及疾病特异性的改变。与所有组相比，MDD 显示左侧中央前回的体积缺陷，与 GAD 和 HC 相比，右侧梭状回的体积和面积缺陷。 GAD 的右上顶叶皮层 SA 低于 MDD 和 PD，右额回的回旋高于 HC。与MDD相比，PD在左上顶叶皮质中表现出更高的回旋，与所有组相比，在左中央后回中表现出更高的SA。我们的结果表明，重度抑郁症和焦虑症之间的临床表型相似性可能依赖于常见的前额叶改变。额颞叶和顶叶异常可能代表抑郁和焦虑的独特生物学特征。
Although anxiety and depression often co-occur and share some clinical features, it is still unclear if they are neurobiologically distinct or similar processes. In this study, we explored common and specific cortical morphology alterations in depression and anxiety disorders. Magnetic Resonance Imaging data were acquired from 13 Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), 11 Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), 11 Panic Disorder (PD) patients and 21 healthy controls (HC). Regional cortical thickness, surface area (SA), volume and gyrification were measured and compared among groups. We found left orbitofrontal thinning in all patient groups, as well as disease-specific alterations. MDD showed volume deficits in left precentral gyrus compared to all groups, volume and area deficits in right fusiform gyrus compared to GAD and HC. GAD showed lower SA than MDD and PD in right superior parietal cortex, higher gyrification than HC in right frontal gyrus. PD showed higher gyrification in left superior parietal cortex when compared to MDD and higher SA in left postcentral gyrus compared to all groups. Our results suggest that clinical phenotypic similarities between major depression and anxiety disorders might rely on common prefrontal alterations. Frontotemporal and parietal abnormalities may represent unique biological signatures of depression and anxiety.