Mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) complexes in neurodegeneration.

Mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) complexes in neurodegeneration.
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DOI:
10.1186/s13024-021-00428-5
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发表时间:
2021-07-02
影响因子:
15.1
通讯作者:
Lee HK
Lee HK
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Querfurth H;Lee HK

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在哺乳动物/雷帕霉素机械靶点(MTOR)的不同信号通路中,可以发现在涉及错误折叠蛋白积累的几种痴呆条件下阻止神经退化的新靶点。作为一种营养感受器,mTOR在调节能量代谢、支持神经元生长和可塑性方面具有重要的动态平衡功能。然而,在阿尔茨海默病(AD)中,mTOR通过抑制胰岛素信号转导和自噬清除β-淀粉样蛋白(A-β)和磷酸-tau(Ptau)聚集体而发挥重要的致病作用。在阿尔茨海默病的脑血管功能障碍中也起作用。MTOR是一种丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶,位于mTORC1和mTORC2两种多蛋白复合体的核心。最近的数据表明,它们的平衡作用也对帕金森病(PD)和亨廷顿病(HD)、额颞部痴呆(FTD)和肌萎缩侧索硬化症(ALS)有影响。除了雷帕霉素;一种mTOR抑制剂,还有一些雷帕罗格具有更好的耐受性和微给药模式,有望缓解这些年龄依赖性疾病。
Novel targets to arrest neurodegeneration in several dementing conditions involving misfolded protein accumulations may be found in the diverse signaling pathways of the Mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR). As a nutrient sensor, mTOR has important homeostatic functions to regulate energy metabolism and support neuronal growth and plasticity. However, in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), mTOR alternately plays important pathogenic roles by inhibiting both insulin signaling and autophagic removal of β-amyloid (Aβ) and phospho-tau (ptau) aggregates. It also plays a role in the cerebrovascular dysfunction of AD. mTOR is a serine/threonine kinase residing at the core in either of two multiprotein complexes termed mTORC1 and mTORC2. Recent data suggest that their balanced actions also have implications for Parkinson's disease (PD) and Huntington's disease (HD), Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Beyond rapamycin; an mTOR inhibitor, there are rapalogs having greater tolerability and micro delivery modes, that hold promise in arresting these age dependent conditions.
神经元中的自噬诱导和自噬体清除:与阿尔茨海默氏病自噬病理学的关系。
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