National Debates, Local Responses: The Origins of Local Concern about Immigration in Britain and the United States
National Debates, Local Responses: The Origins of Local Concern about Immigration in Britain and the United States
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DOI：
10.1017/s0007123410000414
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发表时间：
2011-07-01
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Hopkins, Daniel J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hopkins, Daniel J.
群体间威胁理论认为，移民的地方集中会产生资源竞争和反移民态度。这些理论的变体通常适用于英国和美国。然而，实证检验并不一致。本文分析了来自这两个国家的地理编码调查，以确定居民的态度受到居住在移民社区附近的影响。美国皮尤研究中心的调查和2005年英国选举研究表明，地方背景效应如何取决于国家政治。背景效应主要出现在移民是一个全国性的突出问题时，这解释了为什么过去的研究并不总是发现威胁。地方争端似乎有全国性的催化剂。本文还展示了面板数据如何减少困扰当地背景效应研究的选择偏差。
Theories of inter-group threat hold that local concentrations of immigrants produce resource competition and anti-immigrant attitudes. Variants of these theories are commonly applied to Britain and the United States. Yet the empirical tests have been inconsistent. This paper analyses geo-coded surveys from both countries to identify when residents' attitudes are influenced by living near immigrant communities. Pew surveys from the United States and the 2005 British Election Study illustrate how local contextual effects hinge on national politics. Contextual effects appear primarily when immigration is a nationally salient issue, which explains why past research has not always found a threat. Seemingly local disputes have national catalysts. The paper also demonstrates how panel data can reduce selection biases that plague research on local contextual effects.