The Lancet on the telephone 1876-1975.
The Lancet on the telephone 1876-1975.
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电话上的《柳叶刀》1876-1975 年。
DOI：
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发表时间：
1977
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. H. Aronson
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. H. Aronson
自从亚历山大·格雷厄姆·贝尔成功地用电传输语音以来，已经有一百年了。众所周知，1876年3月10日，贝尔在电话里说的第一句话是：“华生先生，过来，我需要你。”人们通常不记得的是，第一个电话也是第一个要求医疗援助的电话，因为贝尔刚刚打翻了为发射机供电的湿电池，因此把硫酸洒在了他的衣服上。贝尔的助手托马斯·a·沃森（Thomas A. Watson）一直在大厅对面听电话，他很快就出现了，同时开始庆祝第一次有人通过电线说话，并进行急救。这第一个电话被证明是预言性的，因为电话最早的应用之一是以各种方式应用于医学和卫生保健实践，即使是富有想象力的格雷厄姆·贝尔也很难预料到这一点。电话的全部影响尚未得到充分认识，很大程度上是因为它作为一个严肃研究的主题被忽视了。但是电话并没有被医生和他们的病人忽视。事实上，有证据表明，医生是第一批被要求拥有电话并随叫随到的专业人士，也就是说，24小时待命。医学杂志也经常评论电话在保健领域的作用，虽然这些文章、记者偶尔发送的信件和给编辑的信本身并不构成电话影响的完全证据，但它们确实说明了电话的使用（和滥用）以及电话的可用性引起的各种问题。这篇论文将回顾《柳叶刀》上关于电话的文章。《柳叶刀》是一本医学杂志，早于贝尔发明这一了不起的设备，至今仍在出版。《柳叶刀》从1876年至今对电话的报道构成了这一工具在卫生保健领域所起作用的历史，鉴于该杂志在记录医学发展中的重大事件方面的重要性，这是一个特别翔实的历史。《柳叶刀》杂志上有很多关于电话的文章，尽管并不是所有的文章都讨论了这种新的通讯方式对健康的影响。许多项目涉及关于……的一般性话题。
IT HAS BEEN a hundred years since Alexander Graham Bell succeeded in transmitting speech electrically. As is well known, the first words spoken by Bell on the telephone on 10 March 1876 were: "Mr. Watson, come here, I want you." What is not generally remembered is that the very first telephone call was also the first telephone call for medical assistance for Bell had just upset the wet battery powering the transmitter thus spilling sulphuric acid on his clothes. Thomas A. Watson, Bell's assistant, appeared quickly from across the hall where he had been listening to the receiver and proceeded simultaneously to celebrate the first time anyone had ever talked over wire and to administer first aid.' That first call turned out to be prophetic for one of the first applications of telephony was in the practice of medicine and health care in a variety of ways that could hardly have been anticipated even by the imaginative Graham Bell. The full impact of the telephone has yet to be appreciated largely because it has been neglected as a subject of serious study. But the telephone did not go unnoticed by medical practitioners or their patients. Indeed, there is evidence to show that doctors were the first professionals to be required to have a telephone and to be on call, so to speak, around the clock. The role of the telephone in the field of health was also frequently commented upon in medical journals, and although such articles, occasional despatches from correspondents and letters to the editor do not by themselves constitute complete evidence of its influence, they do render an account of the uses (and abuses) to which it was put as well as the kinds of issues that were raised by its availability. This paper will review the writings about the telephone in the Lancet, a medical journal that predated the introduction of Bell's remarkable device and which is still being published. The Lancet's coverage of the telephone from 1876 to the present constitutes a history of the role that instrument played in the field of health care, an especially informative one given that journal's importance in recording the major events in the development of medicine. There were many references to the telephone in the Lancet although not all of these discussed the influence of the new mode of communication on health. Many items dealt with general topics about …