Physiological and genotype-specific factors associated with grain quality changes in rice exposed to high ozone
Physiological and genotype-specific factors associated with grain quality changes in rice exposed to high ozone
复制标题
与暴露于高臭氧的稻米品质变化相关的生理和基因型特异性因素
DOI：
10.1016/j.envpol.2016.01.023
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发表时间：
2016-03-01
影响因子：
8.9
通讯作者：
Frei, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jing, Liquan;Dombinov, Vitalij;Frei, Michael
亚洲对流层臭氧浓度的上升影响到水稻的产量和质量。研究了臭氧对水稻籽粒品质的影响，并探讨了水稻生殖生长阶段的相关生理过程。以日本晴为背景，将臭氧敏感品种日本晴和含有2个耐臭氧QTL的育种系（L 81）暴露于100 ppb臭氧（每天8 h）或对照条件下。臭氧影响籽粒垩白和蛋白质含量及组成。垩白粒率在日本晴中显著增加，但在L 81中没有增加。生理测定表明，籽粒垩白与灌浆过程中叶片碳水化合物和氮水平的下降有关，这在耐受性L 81中不太明显。臭氧处理显著提高了籽粒总蛋白含量，但降低了清蛋白组分（水溶性蛋白）。蛋白质的增加在L 81中更为明显，这是由于该基因型中谷蛋白组分的增加。氨基酸对臭氧处理的反应不同。三种必需氨基酸（亮氨酸，蛋氨酸和苏氨酸）显着增加，而7个基因型相互作用显着的治疗，主要是由于在L 81更积极的反应。增加籽粒蛋白质的趋势是相反的叶面氮水平，这是由臭氧的负面影响。在臭氧胁迫下，籽粒蛋白质和叶片氮之间的负相关性表明，较高的籽粒蛋白质不能被解释为在所有组织中的浓度效应，由于较低的生物量生产。相反，臭氧暴露影响氮的分布，如改变叶片活性的酶参与氮代谢，如谷氨酰胺合成酶和谷氨酰胺-2-酮戊二酸氨基转移酶。我们的研究结果表明，由于存在耐受性QTL，谷物品质对臭氧的差异反应，并部分解释了潜在的生理过程。(C)2016爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有
Rising tropospheric ozone concentrations in Asia affect the yield and quality of rice. This study investigated ozone-induced changes in rice grain quality in contrasting rice genotypes, and explored the associated physiological processes during the reproductive growth phase. The ozone sensitive variety Nipponbare and a breeding line (L81) containing two tolerance QTLs in Nipponbare background were exposed to 100 ppb ozone (8 h per day) or control conditions throughout their growth. Ozone affected grain chalkiness and protein concentration and composition. The percentage of chalky grains was significantly increased in Nipponbare but not in L81. Physiological measurements suggested that grain chalkiness was associated with a drop in foliar carbohydrate and nitrogen levels during grain filling, which was less pronounced in the tolerant L81. Grain total protein concentration was significantly increased in the ozone treatment, although the albumin fraction (water soluble protein) decreased. The increase in protein was more pronounced in L81, due to increases in the glutelin fraction in this genotype. Amino acids responded differently to the ozone treatment. Three essential amino acids (leucine, methionine and threonine) showed significant increases, while seven showed significant treatment by genotype interactions, mostly due to more positive responses in L81. The trend of increased grain protein was in contrast to foliar nitrogen levels, which were negatively affected by ozone. A negative correlation between grain protein and foliar nitrogen in ozone stress indicated that higher grain protein cannot be explained by a concentration effect in all tissues due to lower biomass production. Rather, ozone exposure affected the nitrogen distribution, as indicated by altered foliar activity of the enzymes involved in nitrogen metabolism, such as glutamine synthetase and glutamine-2-oxoglutarate aminotransferase. Our results demonstrate differential responses of grain quality to ozone due to the presence of tolerance QTL, and partly explain the underlying physiological processes. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.