Striatal structure and function predict individual biases in learning to avoid pain
Striatal structure and function predict individual biases in learning to avoid pain
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1519829113
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发表时间：
2016-04-26
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Dolan, Raymond J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Eldar, Eran;Hauser, Tobias U.;Dolan, Raymond J.
疼痛是回避的基本诱因。在这里，我们证明人们在学习避免疼痛的方式上存在差异，有些人会避免采取导致痛苦结果的行动，而另一些人则倾向于采取有助于预防疼痛的行动。这些个体偏差最好的解释是从结果预测错误中学习的差异，并且与纹状体对痛苦结果的不同形式的反应有关。具体来说，在主要从疼痛中学习的个体中，纹状体对疼痛的反应以与厌恶预测错误一致的方式调节，而在主要从预防疼痛的成功中学习的个体中，调节与食欲预测错误一致。相比之下，两组中纹状体对成功预防疼痛的反应与食欲预测错误一致。此外，纹状体结构的变化，包括表达疼痛预测错误的区域，预测了参与者的主要学习模式，表明观察到的学习偏差可能反映了稳定的个体特征。这些结果揭示了回避学习个体差异背后的功能和结构神经成分，这可能是涉及病理性伤害回避行为的精神疾病的重要促成因素。
Pain is an elemental inducer of avoidance. Here, we demonstrate that people differ in how they learn to avoid pain, with some individuals refraining from actions that resulted in painful outcomes, whereas others favor actions that helped prevent pain. These individual biases were best explained by differences in learning from outcome prediction errors and were associated with distinct forms of striatal responses to painful outcomes. Specifically, striatal responses to pain were modulated in a manner consistent with an aversive prediction error in individuals who learned predominantly from pain, whereas in individuals who learned predominantly from success in preventing pain, modulation was consistent with an appetitive prediction error. In contrast, striatal responses to success in preventing pain were consistent with an appetitive prediction error in both groups. Furthermore, variation in striatal structure, encompassing the region where pain prediction errors were expressed, predicted participants' predominant mode of learning, suggesting the observed learning biases may reflect stable individual traits. These results reveal functional and structural neural components underlying individual differences in avoidance learning, which may be important contributors to psychiatric disorders involving pathological harm avoidance behavior.