Monopoly and Resource Allocation
Monopoly and Resource Allocation
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-349-24002-9_5
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发表时间：
1954
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Arnold C. Harberger
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Arnold C. Harberger
当我们开始研究价格理论时，我们首先学到的一件事是，垄断的主要影响是资源配置不当，减少总福利，并重新分配有利于寡头的收入。鉴于这一事实，我们研究垄断的实证努力在很大程度上集中在其他事情上，这有点奇怪。我们研究了特定的行业，提出了一系列令人生畏的垄断行为：统一定价、价格领先、市场共享、专利压制、基点等等;我们还研究了整个经济，用生产集中在少数公司手中作为垄断的衡量标准。在此基础上，我们得到的印象是，我国经济的20%或30%实际上被垄断了。
One of the first things we learn when we begin to study price theory is that the main effects of monopoly are to misallocate resources, to reduce aggregate welfare, and to redistribute income in favor of monopolists. In the light of this fact, it is a little curious that our empirical efforts at studying monopoly have so largely concentrated on other things. We have studied particular industries and have come up with a formidable list of monopolistic practices: identical pricing, price leadership, market sharing, patent suppression, basing points, and so on. And we have also studied the whole economy, using the concentration of production in the hands of small number of firms as the measure of monopoly. On this basis we obtained the impression that some 20 or 30 per cent of our economy is effectively monopolized.