High Trait Impulsivity Predicts Food Addiction-Like Behavior in the Rat
High Trait Impulsivity Predicts Food Addiction-Like Behavior in the Rat
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DOI：
10.1038/npp.2014.98
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发表时间：
2014-09-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Cottone, Pietro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Velazquez-Sanchez, Clara;Ferragud, Antonio;Cottone, Pietro
冲动是一种行为特征，不仅常见于吸毒成瘾者，也常见于病态暴饮暴食者。然而，冲动性是否早于不可控进食的发展尚不清楚。在这项研究中，我们假设一个高冲动的特点之前，并赋予脆弱性的食物成瘾样行为。为了这个目的，我们训练自由进食的雄性Wistar大鼠在一个差异强化的低反应率（DRL）的任务，以选择低和高冲动的大鼠。然后，我们允许低和高冲动大鼠自我管理一个高度可口的饮食（可口组）或一个普通的食物饮食（Chow组）在1小时的日常会话，固定比例（FR）的I，FR 3，FR 5，并根据渐进比例（PR）的强化计划。此外，我们通过测量在光/暗冲突测试的厌恶性开放隔室中吃的食物来测试低冲动和高冲动大鼠对食物的强迫性。最后，我们测量了转录因子Delta FosB在核壳和核芯中的表达，这是成瘾药物暴露后神经适应性变化的标志。我们获得的数据表明，冲动性是一种预测食物成瘾样行为发展的特征，包括：（i）过量摄入，（ii）提高食物的动机，（iii）强迫性进食，当大鼠获得高度可口的食物时。此外，我们表明，在高冲动的主题的食物成瘾表型的特点是增加的转录因子Delta FosB的表达在核壳。这些结果表明，冲动赋予一个增加的倾向，发展不可控制的暴食可口的食物。
Impulsivity is a behavioral trait frequently seen not only in drug-addicted individuals but also in individuals who pathologically overeat. However, whether impulsivity predates the development of uncontrollable feeding is unknown. In this study, we hypothesized that a high impulsivity trait precedes and confers vulnerability for food addiction-like behavior. For this purpose, we trained ad libitum-fed male Wistar rats in a differential reinforcement of low rates of responding (DRL) task to select Low- and High-impulsive rats. Then, we allowed Low- and High-impulsive rats to self-administer a highly palatable diet (Palatable group) or a regular chow diet (Chow group) in 1-h daily sessions, under fixed ratio (FR) I, FR3, FR5, and under a progressive ratio (PR) schedules of reinforcement. In addition, we tested the compulsiveness for food in Low- and High-impulsive rats by measuring the food eaten in the aversive, open compartment of a light/dark conflict test. Finally, we measured the expression of the transcription factor Delta FosB in the shell and the core of the nucleus accumbens, which is a marker for neuroadaptive changes following addictive drug exposure. The data we obtained demonstrate that impulsivity is a trait that predicts the development of food addiction-like behaviors, including: (i) excessive intake, (ii) heightened motivation for food, and (iii) compulsive-like eating, when rats are given access to highly palatable food. In addition, we show that the food addiction phenotype in high impulsive subjects is characterized by an increased expression of the transcription factor Delta FosB in the nucleus accumbens shell. These results reveal that impulsivity confers an increased propensity to develop uncontrollable overeating of palatable food.