The MSW effect and Solar Neutrinos
The MSW effect and Solar Neutrinos
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发表时间：
2003-05
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通讯作者：
Abdus Salam
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作者：
Abdus Salam
MSW效应（Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein）是一种中微子物质（味）在不同密度的介质中转化为另一种的效应。该效应的三个基本要素包括：中微子在物质中的折射、共振（能级交叉）和绝热性。关键的概念是物质中的中微子本征态。用本征态的相对相位和本征态之间的跃迁描述了这种效应的物理图象。讨论了实现垃圾大掺混效应的特点。大混合MSW效应（LMA）为太阳中微子问题提供了解决方案。我们详细介绍了这种机制是如何工作的。讨论了LMA解决方案之外的物理学。较低的$Ar$-生产率（与LMA预测相比）和在低能量下光谱没有显著的“转高”可能是由于光无菌中微子的额外影响，混合非常小。
The MSW (Mikheyev-Smirnov-Wolfenstein) effect is the effect of transformation of one neutrino species (flavor) into another one in a medium with varying density. Three basic elements of the effect include: the refraction of neutrinos in matter, the resonance (level crossing) and the adiabaticity. The key notion is {\it the neutrino eigenstates} in matter. Physical picture of the effect is described in terms of the flavors and the relative phases of eigenstates and the transitions between eigenstates. Features of the large mixing realization of the MSW effect are discussed. The large mixing MSW effect (LMA) provides the solution of the solar neutrino problem. We show in details how this mechanism works. Physics beyond the LMA solution is discussed. The lower $Ar$-production rate (in comparison with the LMA prediction) and absence of significant "turn up" of the spectrum at low energies can be due to an additional effect of the light sterile neutrino with very small mixing.