Regulatory metabolism over the hibernation-activity cycle changes contribute to the adaptive enhancement of leech (Whitmania pigra)
Regulatory metabolism over the hibernation-activity cycle changes contribute to the adaptive enhancement of leech (Whitmania pigra)
复制标题
冬眠活动周期变化的调节代谢有助于水蛭（Whitmania Pigra）的适应性增强
DOI：
10.1111/are.15038
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Shi Hongzhuan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wang Jia;Guo Qiaosheng;Miao Yixiu;Shi Hongzhuan
猪惠特曼是中国地区重要的药用和水产养殖物种，但在越冬期间体重大幅下降，严重影响了养殖系统的生产效率。我们研究了五种冬眠活动状态下水蚤肠道代谢产物、代谢酶的水平。共鉴定出1099和1766种代谢物。232种代谢物在深度冬眠时上调，123种代谢物在冬眠后下调，其中43种在冬眠后减少，30种在活跃状态下增加。综合分析表明，冬眠过程中代谢受到整体抑制，包括糖酵解、TCA、线粒体呼吸等，导致ATP合成减少。与此同时，糖酵解减少，β-氧化增加，表明燃料的使用从碳水化合物转向脂类。冬眠期间，随着谷胱甘肽抗氧化系统的倾斜，β-氧化水平升高，但丙二醛水平保持稳定，其他适应性细胞保护如多不饱和脂肪酸升高，膜磷脂重塑。在觉醒过程中，氧化应激增加，表现为谷胱甘肽抗氧化系统和丙二醛的增加，这可能是由于在觉醒过程中伴随新陈代谢恢复而产生的过多的活性氧。通过本研究中的代谢分析，我们更接近于全面揭示水蚤冬眠的机制，该机制可用于在中断或缩短水蚤冬眠时防止病理性应激反应或代谢失调。
Whitmania pigrais an economically important medicinal and aquaculture species in China, but weight greatly reducing during hibernation seriously affects the production efficiency of aquaculture systems. We studied the levels of metabolites, metabolic enzymes in leech intestine in five hibernation‐activity states. 1099 and 1766 metabolites were identified. 232 metabolites were up‐regulated, and 123 metabolites were down‐regulated during deep hibernation, 43 of them decreased and 30 of them increased in active after hibernation. Comprehensive analysis shows that metabolism was repressed globally in hibernation, including glycolysis, TCA, mitochondrial respiratory, which resulted in ATP synthesis decreased. Meanwhile, decreased glycolysis, increased beta‐oxidation showed a shift of fuel use from carbohydrates to lipids. During hibernation, beta‐oxidation elevated but MDA level remained stable along with glutathione antioxidant system inclined, other adaptive cytoprotection like PUFA elevated and membrane phospholipids remodelled. During arousal, oxidative stress increased, manifested by an increase in glutathione antioxidant system and MDA, which may be due to excessive production of reactive oxygen that accompany metabolism recovery during arousal. By the metabolism analysis in this study, we come closer to fully uncovering the mechanism of leech hibernation that may be applied to prevent pathological stress responses or metabolic dysregulation when interrupting or shortening leech hibernation.