Smoking and other risk factors for bladder cancer in women
Smoking and other risk factors for bladder cancer in women
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DOI：
10.1006/pmed.2002.1061
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发表时间：
2002-08-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Franceschi, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pelucchi, C;La Vecchia, C;Franceschi, S
背景膀胱癌在男性中的发病率是女性的三到五倍，因此只有少数研究只关注女性。1985年至1992年在北方意大利的两个地区进行了一项病例对照研究，包括110名经组织学证实的膀胱癌妇女和298名对照妇女，她们因急性、非肿瘤性、非泌尿或生殖道疾病而被同一医院网络收治。采用非条件多元Logistic回归分析计算多变量比值比（OR）。与从不吸烟者相比，目前吸烟者（OR = 2.87）患膀胱癌的风险显著升高。蔬菜摄入量高与膀胱癌发病呈负相关（OR = 0.32），化工、染料/油漆或制药行业的职业史与膀胱癌发病呈直接相关（OR = 3.01）。曾使用过绝经期激素替代疗法的OR为3.29。这项研究证实，吸烟是女性和男性膀胱癌的主要危险因素，男女之间的关系相似。它还证实，选定的职业因素与膀胱癌的风险有关，并支持蔬菜的有利作用。绝经期激素替代疗法的明显关系需要解释和进一步调查。(C)2002年美国健康基金会和爱思唯尔科学（美国）。
Background. Bladder cancer is three to five times more frequent in men than in women, and hence only a few studies have focused only on females.Methods. A case-control study was conducted between 1985 and 1992 in two areas of northern Italy, and included 110 women with histologically confirmed bladder cancer and 298 controls, admitted to the same network of hospitals of cases for acute, non-neoplastic, non-urinary or genital tract diseases. Multivariate odds ratios (ORs) were computed using unconditional multiple logistic regression.Results. Compared to never smokers, current smokers (OR = 2.87) had significantly elevated risks of bladder cancer. High intake of vegetables was inversely related to the disease (OR = 0.32), while history of occupation in chemical, dyes/paints or pharmaceutical industry (OR = 3.01) was directly associated to risk of bladder cancer. The OR was 3.29 for ever use of menopause hormone replacement therapy.Conclusions. This study confirms that cigarette smoking is the prominent risk factor for bladder cancer in women as in men, with similar relations in both sexes. It also confirms that selected occupational factors are related to bladder cancer risk, and supports a favourable role of vegetables. The apparent relation with hormone replacement therapy in menopause needs interpretation and further investigation. (C) 2002 American Health Foundation and Elsevier Science (USA).