Nitrate pollution from agriculture in different hydrogeological zones of the regional groundwater flow system in the North China Plain
Nitrate pollution from agriculture in different hydrogeological zones of the regional groundwater flow system in the North China Plain
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DOI：
10.1007/s10040-004-0321-9
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发表时间：
2005-06-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Fukushima, Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, J;Tang, C;Fukushima, Y
1998~2000年对华北平原大面积地下水水质的调查表明，硝酸盐污染是影响广大人口饮用水的严重问题。在过去的20年里，氮肥在农业中的使用大大增加，以满足迅速增长的人口的粮食需求。在研究过程中，从威尔斯和泉水中采集了295个水样，以确定水化学和硝酸盐污染的程度。高浓度的硝酸盐，特别是在沿着西侧的补给区，但也在北京附近和平原的其他地方，对饮用水供应构成严重问题。在某些地方，硝酸盐浓度超过了安全饮用水的最大值45毫克/升。大量使用氮肥和广泛使用未经处理的地下水进行作物灌溉是造成这一问题的主要原因，但毫无疑问，将工业和城市废物排入河流和渗入含水层也是造成这一问题的原因;然而，由于缺乏数据，无法对这些来源进行评价。在补给区，硝酸盐的深度可达50米。1998~2000年华北平原大面积地下水水质调查表明，硝酸盐污染是影响广大人口饮用水的严重问题。在过去的20年里，氮肥在农业中的使用大大增加，以满足迅速增长的人口的粮食需求。在研究过程中，从威尔斯和泉水中采集了295个水样，以确定水化学和硝酸盐污染的程度。高浓度的硝酸盐，特别是在沿着西侧的补给区，但也在北京附近和平原的其他地方，对饮用水供应构成严重问题。在某些地方，硝酸盐浓度超过了安全饮用水的最大值45毫克/升。大量使用氮肥和广泛使用未经处理的地下水进行作物灌溉是造成这一问题的主要原因，但毫无疑问，将工业和城市废物排入河流和渗入含水层也是造成这一问题的原因;然而，由于缺乏数据，无法对这些来源进行评价。在补给区，硝酸盐的深度可达50米。在北京附近，硝酸盐浓度相对较高，深度可达80米。在排放区，在黄河附近，高浓度的硝酸盐出现在深度<8米。
A survey of the quality of groundwater across a broad area of the North China Plain, undertaken in 1998 to 2000, indicates that nitrate pollution is a serious problem affecting the drinking water for a vast population. The use of nitrogen ( N)-fertilizer in agriculture has greatly increased over the past 20 years to meet the food needs of the rapidly expanding population. During the study, 295 water samples were collected from wells and springs to determine the water chemistry and the extent of nitrate pollution. High concentrations of nitrate, especially in a recharge area along the western side, but also in the vicinity of Beijing and locally in other parts of the plain, pose a serious problem for the drinking water supply. In places, the nitrate concentration exceeds the maximum for safe drinking water of 45 mg/L. The intense use of N-fertilizer and the widespread use of untreated groundwater for crop irrigation contribute greatly to the problem, but no doubt the disposal of industrial and municipal waste into streams and infiltrating the aquifer also contribute to the problem; however, the lack of data prevents evaluation of those sources. In the recharge area, nitrate is found at depths of as much as 50 m. NearA survey of the quality of groundwater across a broad area of the North China Plain, undertaken in 1998 to 2000, indicates that nitrate pollution is a serious problem affecting the drinking water for a vast population. The use of nitrogen (N)-fertilizer in agriculture has greatly increased over the past 20 years to meet the food needs of the rapidly expanding population. During the study, 295 water samples were collected from wells and springs to determine the water chemistry and the extent of nitrate pollution. High concentrations of nitrate, especially in a recharge area along the western side, but also in the vicinity of Beijing and locally in other parts of the plain, pose a serious problem for the drinking water supply. In places, the nitrate concentration exceeds the maximum for safe drinking water of 45 mg/L. The intense use of N-fertilizer and the widespread use of untreated groundwater for crop irrigation contribute greatly to the problem, but no doubt the disposal of industrial and municipal waste into streams and infiltrating the aquifer also contribute to the problem; however, the lack of data prevents evaluation of those sources. In the recharge area, nitrate is found at depths of as much as 50 m. Near Beijing, relatively high concentrations of nitrate occur at depths of as much as 80 m. In the discharge area, in the vicinity of the Yellow River, high concentrations of nitrate occur at depths of < 8 m.