A unified model of the hierarchical and stochastic theories of gastric cancer.
A unified model of the hierarchical and stochastic theories of gastric cancer.
复制标题
胃癌分层随机理论的统一模型
DOI：
10.1038/bjc.2017.54
复制
发表时间：
2017-04-11
影响因子：
8.8
通讯作者：
Chen L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Song Y;Wang Y;Tong C;Xi H;Zhao X;Wang Y;Chen L
胃癌（GC）是世界范围内威胁生命的疾病。尽管胃癌的治疗取得了显著进展，但由于癌症进展、复发和转移，胃癌对许多患者仍然是致命的。关于新型治疗技术的开发，许多研究都集中在引发肿瘤和导致治疗耐药性的生物学机制上。肿瘤传统上被认为是由体细胞突变引起的，无论是通过克隆进化还是通过随机模型。然而，新出现的证据已经使用分层组织结构来表征肿瘤，其中癌症干细胞（CSC）处于顶端。随机和分层模型都是合理的系统，已被假设为描述肿瘤异质性。虽然每个模型单独不足以解释肿瘤的多样性，这两个模型可以整合，以提供更全面的解释。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了现有的证据支持一个统一的模型，胃CSC，包括这个统一的模型的监管机制，除了干细胞相关的靶向治疗GC患者的现状。
Gastric cancer (GC) is a life-threatening disease worldwide. Despite remarkable advances in treatments for GC, it is still fatal to many patients due to cancer progression, recurrence and metastasis. Regarding the development of novel therapeutic techniques, many studies have focused on the biological mechanisms that initiate tumours and cause treatment resistance. Tumours have traditionally been considered to result from somatic mutations, either via clonal evolution or through a stochastic model. However, emerging evidence has characterised tumours using a hierarchical organisational structure, with cancer stem cells (CSCs) at the apex. Both stochastic and hierarchical models are reasonable systems that have been hypothesised to describe tumour heterogeneity. Although each model alone inadequately explains tumour diversity, the two models can be integrated to provide a more comprehensive explanation. In this review, we discuss existing evidence supporting a unified model of gastric CSCs, including the regulatory mechanisms of this unified model in addition to the current status of stemness-related targeted therapy in GC patients.