Neural prostheses for vision: Designing a functional interface with retinal neurons
Neural prostheses for vision: Designing a functional interface with retinal neurons
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DOI：
10.1179/016164104773026499
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Baig-Silva, MS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hetling, JR;Baig-Silva, MS
存在许多可能导致部分或全部失明的流行性眼病，并且目前没有治愈或恢复失明的方法。基于最近的进展，已经变得明显的是，人工假体装置，其将使用视觉通路中的神经元的电刺激来引起视觉感知，可能有一天成为对这些疾病失明的患者的可行治疗。最近的一些科学评论总结了与视觉系统相关的一般功能性电刺激（FES）方法，以及关于制造、生物相容性、刺激阈值和电毒性的许多技术考虑。这篇评论将解决一个主要的突出问题，在视网膜假体的发展：与视网膜的功能接口的设计和实施。电极和视网膜神经元之间的功能界面将是稳定的，生物相容的，并将向视觉系统传递有用的信息。必须考虑与界面的人工和生物方面相关的几个参数;本文将强调电极设计。假体接口设计的发展，包括视网膜生理学，眼科疾病，和现有的视网膜变性的动物模型的其他问题的核心，也进行了总结。
A number of prevalent eye diseases exist which may lead to partial or total blindness, and for which there are currently no cures or means by which to restore lost sight Based on recent progress, it has become apparent that artificial prosthetic devices, which would use electrical stimulation of neurons in the visual pathway to elicit visual percepts, are likely to some day become a viable treatment for patients blinded by these diseases. A number of recent scientific reviews have summarized general functional electrical stimulation (FES) approaches related to the visual system, and many of the technical considerations regarding fabrication, biocompatibility, stimulation thresholds and electrotoxicity. This review will address a principal outstanding question in retinal prosthesis development: the design and implementation of a functional interface with the retina. A functional interface between electrodes and retinal neurons will be stable, biocompatible, and will convey useful information to the visual system. Several parameters related to both the artificial and biological aspects of the interface must be considered; this paper will emphasize electrode design. Additional issues central to the development of prosthesis interface design, including retinal physiology, eye diseases, and existing animal models of retinal degeneration, are also summarized.