Working landscapes need at least 20% native habitat
Working landscapes need at least 20% native habitat
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DOI：
10.1111/conl.12773
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发表时间：
2020-10-25
影响因子：
8.5
通讯作者：
Zhu, Chao-Dong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Garibaldi, Lucas A.;Oddi, Facundo J.;Zhu, Chao-Dong
国际协议的目标是到2020年保护地球17%的土地面积，但在通过农业、牧场和林业支持人类需求的工作景观中没有以区域为基础的保护目标。通过对国家一级立法的审查，我们发现只有38%的国家有在工作景观内保护土著栖息地的最低面积要求。我们主张将本土栖息地增加到工作景观面积的至少20%，在这些地区，本土栖息地的面积低于最低限度。这样的目标有利于粮食安全、自然对人类的贡献，以及保护区代表不足的生物群落中保护区网络的连通性和有效性。我们还主张将原生生境保持在更高的水平，目前超过20%的最低限度，并进行了一项文献综述，表明在特定的景观中，甚至需要50%以上的原生栖息地恢复。2020年后全球生物多样性框架是将工作景观的最低栖息地恢复目标纳入其中的好时机，这些目标有助于但不与扩大保护区的倡议、联合国生态系统恢复十年(2021-2030)和联合国可持续发展目标相竞争。
International agreements aim to conserve 17% of Earth's land area by 2020 but include no area-based conservation targets within the working landscapes that support human needs through farming, ranching, and forestry. Through a review of country-level legislation, we found that just 38% of countries have minimum area requirements for conserving native habitats within working landscapes. We argue for increasing native habitats to at least 20% of working landscape area where it is below this minimum. Such target has benefits for food security, nature's contributions to people, and the connectivity and effectiveness of protected area networks in biomes in which protected areas are underrepresented. We also argue for maintaining native habitat at higher levels where it currently exceeds the 20% minimum, and performed a literature review that shows that even more than 50% native habitat restoration is needed in particular landscapes. The post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework is an opportune moment to include a minimum habitat restoration target for working landscapes that contributes to, but does not compete with, initiatives for expanding protected areas, the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration (2021-2030) and the UN Sustainable Development Goals.