Saving the Republic: State Nostalgia and Slavery Reparations in Media and Political Discourses

Saving the Republic: State Nostalgia and Slavery Reparations in Media and Political Discourses
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拯救共和国:媒体和政治话语中的国家怀旧和奴隶制赔偿

DOI:
10.1080/09639489.2015.1006124
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发表时间:
2015
影响因子:
0.3
通讯作者:
Frith N
Frith N
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--
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作者:
Frith N

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奴隶制的记忆长期以来一直是一个有争议的话题,但在赔偿问题被提出时更是如此。本文调查了法国媒体和政治在国际运动背景下对赔偿的反应,这些运动迫使欧洲和美国政府更积极地处理其奴隶历史的遗产。这里特别要提到的是公民领导的激进组织“黑色协会代表委员会”,该组织呼吁在 2012 年和 2013 年就赔偿问题进行全国辩论,但遭到法国政府拒绝,并被法国媒体歪曲。这些回应是在承认奴隶制为“反人类罪”的(第一部)陶比拉法(2001 年)和 2005-2006 年“记忆战争”的背景下做出的。事实证明,怀旧情绪与国家和媒体的反应在很多方面都有交叉。首先,赔偿被视为反共和性质,被误解为少数民族的分裂行为。对社群主义破裂的恐惧引发了对国家承认行为之前想象中的完整性的怀旧之情。其次,通过诉诸其“神圣”的不可挽回性,将赔偿定义为“不可能”。本文通过将赔偿与反对种族歧视的承认斗争重新联系起来,挑战了国家怀旧的惰性和媒体报道的局限性。
Memories of slavery have long been a contentious subject, but no more so than when the question of reparations is raised. This article investigates French media and political responses to reparations within the context of international movements that are pressurising European and US governments to engage more actively with the legacies of their slave pasts. The particular reference here is to the citizen-led activist group, the Conseil Représentatif des Associations Noires, whose call for a national debate on reparations in 2012 and 2013 was rejected by the French state and misrepresented by the French media. These responses are placed within the context of both the (first) Taubira law (2001), which recognised slavery as a ‘crime against humanity’, and the ‘memory war’ of 2005–2006. Nostalgia is shown to intersect with state and media responses in a number of ways. First and foremost, reparations are seen as anti-republican in nature, being misunderstood as the divisive work of ethnic minorities. Fears of communitarian fracture invoke nostalgia for an imagined wholeness that preceded the state's act of recognition. Secondly, reparations are defined as ‘impossible’ by appealing to their ‘divine’ irreparability. This article challenges the inertia of state nostalgia and the limitations of media representations by reconnecting reparations to a recognition struggle against racial discrimination.
请注意本杰明·斯托拉作品的参考书目,《法国面对过去殖民时期的战争》,奥布出版社,艾格岛,2007 年。
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