Spatio-temporal variation in nestling sex ratio among the Black Stork Ciconia nigra populations across Europe
Spatio-temporal variation in nestling sex ratio among the Black Stork Ciconia nigra populations across Europe
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DOI：
10.1007/s10336-014-1135-8
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发表时间：
2015-04-01
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Vaeli, Uelo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Konovalov, Annika;Kaldma, Katrin;Vaeli, Uelo
性别比例是人口健康的一个指标，因为意外的偏见可能预示着潜在的威胁。我们研究了黑鹳种群中的雏鸟性别比例，以检查其在欧洲分布范围内沿东西向和南北梯度的潜在偏差和差异。我们还研究了年份之间的变化，并检查了与天气变量的潜在相关性。欧洲雏鸟的总体性别比例几乎相等，其中较大的雄性雏鸟的比例略有下降（47.1%）。尽管检测到性别比每年都有波动，但仅发现年份的显着影响，仅与种群和育雏规模同时发生。较大巢群中雌性雏鸟的比例有较高的趋势，但这种模式可能因最大巢群减少的影响而分散。与西欧和东欧相比，中欧（波兰）的雄性雏鸟数量明显不足，而南北梯度上没有发现差异。我们没有发现温度的任何影响，但在中欧（波兰）和西欧（法国），孵化期的降雨量与雄性雏鸟的比例呈负相关，而在东北欧（拉脱维亚），繁殖前期的降雨量也有同样的影响。
Sex ratio is an indicator of population health as unexpected biases may indicate potential threats. We studied nestling sex ratio in Black Stork Ciconia nigra populations in order to check potential biases and differences along east-west and north-south gradient across its distribution range in Europe. We also studied variation between years, and checked potential correlations with weather variables. The overall sex ratio of nestlings in Europe was nearly equal with a non-significant deficiency (47.1 %) of males, the larger sex. Although yearly fluctuations in sex ratio were detected, no significant effect of the year alone was found, only simultaneously with population and brood size. There was a tendency to have a higher proportion of female nestlings in larger broods, but the pattern was probably scattered by the effect of reduction of largest broods. Compared to Western and Eastern Europe, a significant deficiency of male nestlings was found in Central Europe (Poland), whereas no differences were found along the north-south gradient. We did not find any effect of temperature, but rainfall during the incubation period was negatively correlated with the proportion of male nestlings in Central (Poland) and Western Europe (France) whereas in North-Eastern Europe (Latvia) the same effect of the precipitation in pre-breeding period was found.