Clock-in, clock-out: circadian timekeeping between tissues.
Clock-in, clock-out: circadian timekeeping between tissues.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1042/bio04202007
复制
发表时间：
2020-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Sassone-Corsi P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smith JG;Sassone-Corsi P
生命是在伴随着地球每天绕轴自转的光明和黑暗交替时期中进化的。这为生物体提供了一个优势，能够调节它们的生理机能来预测这些日常周期。在研究的每一种光敏生物中，从单细胞细菌到复杂的哺乳动物，都存在着能够在24小时内控制生理机能的计时机制。生物体被赋予了内部计时功能，可以最有效地利用它们之前储存的能量，根据需要在白天或黑夜的特定时间选择性地加速生物过程。人类已经进化到在白天（昼夜）更加活跃，这可能是由于在我们的进化历史中觅食或狩猎的机会增加，这种日常活动伴随着参与代谢的基因的上调，以增加可用于此类行为的能量。值得注意的是，这是在没有意识的情况下发生的，这是由于一个复杂的生物体范围内的信号装置，即生物钟网络，它在细胞和组织之间传递时间信息。
Life evolved in the presence of alternating periods of light and dark that accompany the daily rotation of the Earth on its axis. This offered an advantage for organisms able to regulate their physiology to anticipate these daily cycles. In each light-sensitive organism studied, spanning single-celled bacteria to complex mammals, there exist timekeeping mechanisms able to control physiology over the course of 24 hours. Endowed with internal timekeeping, organisms can put their previously stored energy to the most efficient use, selectively ramping up biological processes at specific times of day or night according to when they’ll be needed. Humans have evolved to be more active during the day (diurnal), likely due to the increased opportunities for foraging or hunting in our evolutionary past, and this daily activity is accompanied by an upregulation of genes involved in metabolism to increase the energy available for such behaviours. Remarkably, this happens without conscious thought, due to a complex organism-wide signalling apparatus known as the circadian clock network, that conveys time information between cells and tissues.