In vitro trematocidal effects of crude alcoholic extracts of Artemisia annua, A. absinthium, Asimina triloba, and Fumaria officinalis
In vitro trematocidal effects of crude alcoholic extracts of Artemisia annua, A. absinthium, Asimina triloba, and Fumaria officinalis
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DOI：
10.1007/s00436-011-2418-0
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发表时间：
2011-12-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Keiser, Jennifer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Ferreira, Jorge F. S.;Peaden, Paul;Keiser, Jennifer
吸虫感染对人类和牲畜健康产生负面影响，并威胁全球食品安全。唯一批准用于治疗吸虫病的人类驱虫药是三氯苯达唑和吡喹酮，目前尚无替代药物。我们测试了六个粗植物提取物对成人曼氏血吸虫，肝片吸虫，并在体外棘口caproni。青蒿（甜安妮）、三叶草（木瓜）和苦艾（艾草）的乙醇提取物达到最佳的死亡率，其在2 mg/mL时杀死S。mansoni和E. caproni在20 h或更短的时间内（苦艾除外），F. 16 - 23 h（甜安妮）或40 h（木瓜）之间的肝。一些提取物在0.2 mg/mL和20 μ g/mL时具有活性，但需要更多的时间来杀死吸虫。然而，水A.黄花蒿和延胡索甲醇提取物无活性。对三种最佳提取物的色谱分析表明，A. annua和A.三叶草提取物分别含有具有生物活性的青蒿素和乙酸配基（阿西米星和布拉他辛）。我们的提取物在如此低的剂量下的驱虫活性表明，它们的驱虫活性值得进一步测试，作为动物和人类寄生虫的天然替代控制。我们的研究结果也支持最近的证据表明，天然植物提取物中存在的多种生物活性化合物的协同作用是值得探索的。
Trematode infections negatively affect human and livestock health, and threaten global food safety. The only approved human anthelmintics for trematodiasis are triclabendazole and praziquantel with no alternative drugs in sight. We tested six crude plant extracts against adult Schistosoma mansoni, Fasciola hepatica, and Echinostoma caproni in vitro. Mortality was best achieved by ethanolic extracts of Artemisia annua (sweet Annie), Asimina triloba (paw-paw), and Artemisia absinthium (wormwood) which, at 2 mg/mL, killed S. mansoni and E. caproni in 20 h or less (except for wormwood), F. hepatica between 16 and 23 h (sweet Annie), or 40 h (paw-paw). Some extracts were active at 0.2 mg/mL and 20 mu g/mL, although more time was required to kill trematodes. However, aqueous A. annua and methanol extracts of Fumaria officinalis had no activity. Chromatographic analysis of the three best extracts established that A. annua and A. triloba extracts contained bioactive artemisinin and acetogenins (asimicin and bullatacin), respectively. The anthelmintic activity of our extracts at such low doses indicates that their anthelmintic activity deserves further testing as natural alternative controls for parasites of both animals and humans. Our results also support recent evidence that synergistic effects of multiple bioactive compounds present in crude plant extracts is worth exploring.