Yeasts in nectar of an early-blooming herb: sought by bumble bees, detrimental to plant fecundity
Yeasts in nectar of an early-blooming herb: sought by bumble bees, detrimental to plant fecundity
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DOI：
10.1890/12-0595.1
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发表时间：
2013-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Medrano, Monica
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Herrera, Carlos M.;Pozo, Maria I.;Medrano, Monica
通过对花蜜理化特性的影响，花蜜酵母可以改变传粉者的行为，但这种变化对授粉成功和植物繁殖的影响尚不清楚。我们目前的实验结果测试花蜜酵母的觅食模式的圈养和自由放养的熊蜂，也对授粉成功和繁殖力的早期开花，熊蜂授粉Helleborus foetidus（毛茛科）的影响。在受控的实验条件下，经验不足的熊蜂terrestris工人积极响应酵母的存在下，在人工糖溶液模仿花蜜的访问比例更多的酵母含人造花。自由放养的熊蜂也喜欢野外含酵母的花蜜。在两个不同年份进行的实验一致表明，含有酵母的天然和人工花蜜比不含酵母的花蜜被更彻底地去除。实验用酵母接种法对黑刺蛾花蜜进行了研究。foetidus花与花柱中的花粉管数量、坐果、种子集和产生的单个种子的质量的减少显著相关。这些结果提供了迄今为止的第一个直接证据，即花蜜酵母可以改变传粉者的觅食模式，授粉成功率，以及昆虫授粉植物产生的种子的数量和质量。
Through their effects on physicochemical features of floral nectar, nectar-dwelling yeasts can alter pollinator behavior, but the effect of such changes on pollination success and plant reproduction is unknown. We present results of experiments testing the effects of nectar yeasts on foraging patterns of captive and free-ranging bumble bees, and also on pollination success and fecundity of the early-blooming, bumble bee-pollinated Helleborus foetidus (Ranunculaceae). Under controlled experimental conditions, inexperienced Bombus terrestris workers responded positively to the presence of yeasts in artificial sugar solutions mimicking floral nectar by visiting proportionally more yeast-containing artificial flowers. Free-ranging bumble bees also preferred yeast-containing nectar in the field. Experiments conducted in two different years consistently showed that natural and artificial nectars containing yeasts were more thoroughly removed than nectars without yeasts. Experimental yeast inoculation of the nectar of H. foetidus flowers was significantly associated with reductions in number of pollen tubes in the style, fruit set, seed set, and mass of individual seeds produced. These results provide the first direct evidence to date that nectar yeasts can modify pollinator foraging patterns, pollination success, and the quantity and quality of seeds produced by insect-pollinated plants.