Using Route and Survey Information to Generate Cognitive Maps: Differences Between Normally Sighted and Visually Impaired Individuals
Using Route and Survey Information to Generate Cognitive Maps: Differences Between Normally Sighted and Visually Impaired Individuals
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DOI：
10.1002/acp.1447
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发表时间：
2009-02-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Kooijman, Aart C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Steyvers, Frank J. J. M.;Kooijman, Aart C.
视障人士(VIP)必须依赖与正常人不同的信息来生成他们所处环境的认知地图。本研究探索了由路径类型的听觉信息和对虚拟环境的调查类型的描述来生成认知地图的程度。共有27名视障人士和28名视力正常的参与者听了一个虚构的动物园的调查类型或路线类型的描述。然后，他们回答了路线类型和调查类型的问题。这一听力/问答序列重复了两次(总共n=3)。视障参与者在两种描述类型中的错误频率没有差异，而视力正常的人在听完调查类型的描述后表现得更好。此外，视力正常的人的学习曲线比视力受损的人更陡峭，他们犯的错误也更少。错误分数表明，在正常视力组和视障组中都有两个亚组。这两组人，“好的”学习者和“差的”学习者，在生成环境听觉描述前的认知地图方面表现出显著的差异。版权所有(C)2008 John Wiley&Sons。LTD.
Visually impaired people (VIP) have to rely on different information to generate a cognitive map of their environment than normally sighted people. This study explored the extent to which a cognitive map could be generated by auditory information of route-type and survey-type descriptions of a fictitious environment. A total of 27 visually impaired and 28 normally sighted participants listened to either a survey-type or a route-type description of a fictitious zoo. They then answered both route-type and survey-type questions. This listening/question-and-answer sequence was repeated twice (total n = 3). The visually impaired participants showed no difference in error frequency between the two description types, while the normally sighted individuals performed better after listening, to the survey-type description. In addition, the learning Curve of the normally sighted individuals was steeper than that of the visually impaired and they made fewer errors. The error scores indicated two subgroups in both the normally sighted and the visually impaired groups. These two groups, the 'good' learners and the 'poor' learners, showed marked differences in,generating a cognitive map front auditory descriptions of an environment. Copyright (C) 2008 John Wiley & Sons. Ltd.