Cannabinoids and metabolites in expectorated oral fluid following controlled smoked cannabis
Cannabinoids and metabolites in expectorated oral fluid following controlled smoked cannabis
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cca.2012.01.011
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发表时间：
2012-04-11
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Huestis, Marilyn A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Milman, Garry;Schwope, David M.;Huestis, Marilyn A.
背景：口腔液 (OF) 中的 Delta(9)-四氢大麻酚 (THC) 意味着大麻摄入量，但消除被动暴露和改进测试结果的解释需要进一步的研究。方法：10 名成年大麻使用者随意吸一支 6.8% THC 香烟。收集咳出的 OF 长达 22 小时，并在收集后 24 小时内进行分析。通过二维 GCMS 对 THC、11-正-9-羧基-THC (THCCOOH)、大麻二酚和大麻酚进行定量。 结果：分析了 80 个样本：其中 6 个因口干而无法采集。 95.2% 的样品中 THC 是可量化的，大麻二酚是 69.3%，大麻酚是 62.3%，THCCOOH 是 94.7%。开始吸烟后0.25小时，THC、大麻二酚和大麻酚的最高浓度分别为22370、1000和1964μg/l； THCCOOH 在 2 小时内达到峰值（高达 560 ng/l）。吸烟后 6 小时的浓度为 THC (0.9-90.4 mu g/l) 和 THCCOOH (17.0-151 ng/l)（9 个中的 8 个均为阳性）；只有 4 例大麻二酚（0.5-2.4 微克/升）和大麻酚（1.0-3.0 微克/升）呈阳性。至22 h，检出THC（0.4-10.3μg/l）4个，THCCOOH（6.0-24.0ng/l）5个，大麻二酚1个（0.3μg/l），无大麻酚阳性标本。结论：OF中THCCOOH提示无被动污染，CBD和CBN提示近期吸食大麻。评估了十七种替代临界值以满足不同药物测试项目的需求。由 Elsevier B.V. 出版
Background: Delta(9)-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in oral fluid (OF) implies cannabis intake, but eliminating passive exposure and improving interpretation of test results requires additional research.Methods: Ten adult cannabis users smoked ad libitum one 6.8% THC cigarette. Expectorated OF was collected for up to 22 h, and analyzed within 24 h of collection. THC, 11-nor-9-carboxy-THC (THCCOOH), cannabidiol, and cannabinol were quantified by 2-dimensional-GCMS.Results: Eighty specimens were analyzed: 6 could not be collected due to dry mouth. THC was quantifiable in 95.2%, cannabidiol in 69.3%, cannabinol in 62.3%, and THCCOOH in 94.7% of specimens. Highest THC, cannabidiol, and cannabinol concentrations were 22370, 1000, and 1964 mu g/l, respectively, 0.25 h after the start of smoking; THCCOOH peaked within 2 h (up to 560 ng/l). Concentrations 6 h after smoking were THC (0.9-90.4 mu g/l) and THCCOOH (17.0-151 ng/l) (8 of 9 positive for both); only 4 were positive for cannabidiol (0.5-2.4 mu g/l) and cannabinol (1.0-3.0 mu g/l). By 22 h, there were 4 THC (0.4-10.3 mu g/l), 5 THCCOOH (6.0-24.0 ng/l), 1 cannabidiol (0.3 mu g/l), and no cannabinol positive specimens.Conclusions: THCCOOH in OF suggests no passive contamination, and CBD and CBN suggest recent cannabis smoking. Seventeen alternative cutoffs were evaluated to meet the needs of different drug testing programs. Published by Elsevier B.V.