An outline of a theory of action systems.
An outline of a theory of action systems.
复制标题
行动系统理论的概述。
作者：
E. Reed
传统的区分中枢(“开环”)和外周(“闭环”)神经过程的心理学解释已经站不住脚。对运动控制的相关心理生物学研究的回顾表明，中心-外周二分法以及由这种二分法衍生的感觉和运动系统之间的区别，都与我们所知的潜在行动过程是不相容的。在实验和比较数据的基础上，提出了一种新的作用理论。这一新理论的基本概念是动作系统：与运动系统不同，动作系统涉及感觉和运动过程；动作系统不是组织成反应层次，而是可调整的动作和姿势的联盟结构。讨论了作用系统的发展史，并根据其演化的独特功能区分了八个最重要的作用系统。为可以控制的特定功能类型的行为开发行动分类的困难通过展示如何根据其组件帮助实现的负担的种类来区分各种行动来解决。
It is argued that the traditional psychological construal of the distinction between central ("open loop") and peripheral ("closed loop") neural processes is no longer tenable. A review of the relevant psychobiological research on the control of movement shows that both the central-peripheral dichotomy and the distinction between sensory and motor systems derived from that dichotomy are incompatible with what is known about the processes underlying action. Based on experimental and comparative data, a new theory of action is proposed. The basic concept of this new theory is the action system: Unlike motor systems, action systems involve sensory as well as motor processes; action systems are not organized into response hierarchies, but rather in coalitional structures of adjustable movements and postures. The phylogeny of action systems is discussed, and the eight most important action systems are distinguished in terms of their evolved distinctive functions. The difficulties of developing a taxonomy of actions for functionally specific types of behavior made up of that can be controlled is resolved by showing how kinds of action are differentiated by the kinds of affordances their components help to realize.