Viral impacts on bacterial communities in Arctic cryoconite
Viral impacts on bacterial communities in Arctic cryoconite
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DOI：
10.1088/1748-9326/8/4/045021
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发表时间：
2013-10-01
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Davis, Sean
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bellas, Christopher M.;Anesio, Alexandre M.;Davis, Sean
冰川表面是以微生物群落为主的极端生态系统。这里病毒含量丰富，细菌表现出可见病毒感染的频率很高。在这项研究中，测量了北极冰石洞中病毒和细菌的产生，以解决病毒在这些高度截断的生态系统中发挥的控制作用。发现冰石洞沉积物中细菌的平均碳产量为 57.8 +/- 12.9 ng C g(-1) 干重。 h(-1)，预测平均干重为 1.89-5.41 x 10(6) 个细胞 g(-1)。 h(-1) 基于一系列转换因子。相对于此，发现病毒产量很高，高达 8.98 x 10(7) 病毒样颗粒 g(-1) 干重。 h(-1) 的产生量与全球沉积物中病毒的产生量相当。通过透射电子显微镜评估病毒爆发大小，发现其是文献中记录的最低值之一（平均值 2.4）。因此，为了解释测量到的病毒产量，计算出病毒诱导的细菌死亡率足以解释所有细菌生产的死亡率。因此，这里提供的数据表明，病毒引起的死亡是冰上生态系统中碳和营养物释放和循环利用的主要过程。
The surfaces of glaciers are extreme ecosystems dominated by microbial communities. Viruses are found in abundance here, with a high frequency of bacteria displaying visible virus infection. In this study, viral and bacterial production was measured in Arctic cryoconite holes to address the control that viruses play in these highly truncated ecosystems. Mean bacterial carbon production in the sediments of cryoconite holes was found to be 57.8 +/- 12.9 ng C g(-1) dry wt. h(-1), which predicted a mean of 1.89-5.41 x 10(6) cells g(-1) dry wt. h(-1) based on a range of conversion factors. Relative to this, virus production was found to be high, up to 8.98 x 10(7) virus like particles g(-1) dry wt. h(-1) were produced, which is comparable to virus production in sediments around the globe. The virus burst size was assessed by transmission electron microscopy and found to be amongst the lowest recorded in the literature (mean 2.4). Hence, to account for the measured virus production, the viral induced bacterial mortality was calculated to be more than capable of accounting for the mortality of all bacterial production. The data presented here, therefore, suggests that viral induced mortality is a dominant process for the release and recycling of carbon and nutrients in supraglacial ecosystems.