Nanofiltration and granular activated carbon treatment of perfluoroalkyl acids
Nanofiltration and granular activated carbon treatment of perfluoroalkyl acids
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.06.033
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发表时间：
2013-09-15
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Higgins, Christopher P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Appleman, Timothy D.;Dickenson, Eric R. V.;Higgins, Christopher P.
全氟烷基酸之所以令人关切，是因为其在环境中具有持久性，并对通过各种可能的接触途径（包括受污染的饮用水）接触全氟烷基酸的人类产生潜在的毒理学影响。研究了纳滤（NF）和颗粒活性炭（GAC）吸附去除水中一系列全氟乙酸的效果。使用去离子（DI）水和人工地下水，在17-75 Lm（-2）h（-1）的渗透通量下测试了原始平板纳滤膜（NF 270，Dow/Filmtec）。膜污染腐殖酸对PFAA截留率的影响也进行了测试，在恒定的渗透通量条件下。在所有测试条件下，原始和污染的NF 270膜均表现出>93%的所有PFAA去除率。使用填充有Calgon Filtrasorb（R）300（F300）碳和具有和不具有溶解有机物（DOM）的去离子水的快速小规模柱来测试GAC功效。还用F600和Siemens AquaCarb（R）1240 C评价了DOM效应。对于所有碳，观察到F300 GAC通过10，000 BV具有所有PFAAs的20%穿透。(C)2013 Elsevier B. V.保留所有权利。
Perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) are of concern because of their persistence in the environment and the potential toxicological effects on humans exposed to PFAAs through a variety of possible exposure routes, including contaminated drinking water. This study evaluated the efficacy of nanofiltration (NF) and granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption in removing a suite of PFAAs from water. Virgin flat-sheet NF membranes (NF270, Dow/Filmtec) were tested at permeate fluxes of 17-75 Lm(-2) h(-1) using deionized (DI) water and artificial groundwater. The effects of membrane fouling by humic acid on PFAA rejection were also tested under constant permeate flux conditions. Both virgin and fouled NF270 membranes demonstrated >93% removal for all PFAAs under all conditions tested. GAC efficacy was tested using rapid small-scale columns packed with Calgon Filtrasorb (R) 300 (F300) carbon and DI water with and without dissolved organic matter (DOM). DOM effects were also evaluated with F600 and Siemens AquaCarb (R) 1240C. The F300 GAC had 20% breakthrough of all PFAAs by 10,000 BVs was observed for all carbons. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.