Aldosterone and the vascular system
Aldosterone and the vascular system
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jsbmb.2008.03.005
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发表时间：
2008-04-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Lahera, Vicente
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cachofeiro, Victoria;Miana, Maria;Lahera, Vicente
醛固酮可在不同组织中发挥生理和病理作用。在血管层面，醛固酮影响内皮功能，因为给予醛固酮会损害内皮依赖性舒张。此外，在高血压和动脉粥样硬化模型以及心力衰竭患者中，给予盐皮质激素受体拮抗剂可改善对乙酰胆碱的舒张反应。一氧化氮水平降低似乎是这种作用的主要机制，这是由于其生成减少以及活性氧物质对其降解增加所致。醛固酮是一种促炎因子，可通过激活核因子κB系统参与与包括高血压在内的不同疾病相关的血管炎症过程，该系统介导不同细胞因子的血管生成。这种盐皮质激素还参与高血压大鼠中观察到的血管重塑，因为给予依普利酮改善了这些动物的中膜 - 管腔比。这种作用似乎是由于细胞外基质增加所致。总之，醛固酮通过盐皮质激素受体，可通过其促氧化、促炎和促纤维化作用参与与包括高血压在内的不同疾病相关的血管损伤，这些作用引发内皮功能障碍、炎症过程和血管重塑。（C）2008爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
Aldosterone can act in different tissues exerting physiological and pathological effects. At the vascular level, aldosterone affects endothelial function since administration of aldosterone impaired endothelium-dependent relaxations. in addition, the administration of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists ameliorate relaxation to acetylcholine in models of both hypertension and atherosclerosis and in patients with heart failure. A reduction in nitric oxide levels seems to be the main mechanism underlying this effect due to a reduction in its production as well as an increase in its degradation by reactive oxygen species. Aldosterone is a pro-inflammatory factor that can participate in the vascular inflammatory process associated with different pathologies including hypertension through activation of the NF kappa B system, which mediates the vascular production of different cytokines. This mineralocorticoid also participates in the vascular remodeling observed in hypertensive rats since the administration of eplerenone improved the media-to-lumen ratio in these animals. This effect seems to be due to an increase in extracellular matrix. In summary, aldosterone through mineralocorticoid receptors can participate in the vascular damage associated with different pathologies including hypertension through its prooxidant, pro-inflammatory and profibrotic effects that triggered endothelial dysfunction, an inflammatory process and vascular remodeling. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.