Flow Directs Surface-Attached Bacteria to Twitch Upstream
Flow Directs Surface-Attached Bacteria to Twitch Upstream
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bpj.2012.05.045
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发表时间：
2012-07-03
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Stone, Howard A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Shen, Yi;Siryaporn, Albert;Stone, Howard A.
细菌生活在各种有流体流动的环境中，包括医疗保健和食品加工环境以及动植物的血管系统。细菌在有流动的情况下在表面上的运动性还没有得到很好的描述。在这里，我们重点关注铜绿假单胞菌，这是一种在流动条件下(如导管和呼吸道)生长旺盛的机会性人类病原体。我们研究了流动对铜绿假单胞菌细胞的影响，并描述了一种机制，即表面切应力使附着在表面的铜绿假单胞菌细胞沿着流动方向定向，导致细胞在以之字形运动为枢轴的同时逆流动方向迁移。这种上游运动是由于ATPase马达PILT和PILU对IV型菌毛的收缩，以及水流对IV型菌毛极地定位的影响。这种定向的上游运动在存在水流的环境中可能是有益的，使细菌能够在其他附着在表面的细菌无法到达的环境中定居。
Bacteria inhabit a wide variety of environments in which fluid flow is present, including healthcare and food processing settings and the vasculature of animals and plants. The motility of bacteria on surfaces in the presence of flow has not been well characterized. Here we focus on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an opportunistic human pathogen that thrives in flow conditions such as in catheters and respiratory tracts. We investigate the effects of flow on P. aeruginosa cells and describe a mechanism in which surface shear stress orients surface-attached P. aeruginosa cells along the flow direction, causing cells to migrate against the flow direction while pivoting in a zig-zag motion. This upstream movement is due to the retraction of type IV pili by the ATPase motors PilT and PilU and results from the effects of flow on the polar localization of type IV pili. This directed upstream motility could be beneficial in environments where flow is present, allowing bacteria to colonize environments that cannot be reached by other surface-attached bacteria.