Proteomics and its role in nutrition research.
Proteomics and its role in nutrition research.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/jn/136.7.1759
复制
发表时间：
2006-07
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Junjun Wang;Defa Li;L. Dangott;Guoyao Wu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Junjun Wang;Defa Li;L. Dangott;Guoyao Wu
人体内大约有10万种蛋白质，具有不同的生理功能。生物体中蛋白质的补充及其相互作用被定义为蛋白质组。通过基质辅助激光解吸电离或电喷雾电离对蛋白质和大肽进行高度特异、灵敏和准确的MS分析(蛋白质组学)成为可能。目前，最常用的蛋白质组学技术要么涉及蛋白质的特定消化(使用双向聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳和多维蛋白质鉴定技术的自下而上的方法)，要么涉及对完整蛋白质进行层析分离后的直接分析(自上而下的方法和表面增强的激光解吸电离)。蛋白质组学为营养研究的发现带来了巨大的希望，包括饮食和身体蛋白质的概况和特征；营养的消化、吸收和代谢；营养和其他饮食因素在生长、生殖和健康中的功能；营养状况和疾病的生物标志物；以及对营养的个性化需求。蛋白质组分析有望在解决人类和动物的主要营养相关问题方面发挥重要作用，如肥胖、糖尿病、心血管疾病、癌症、衰老和胎儿宫内发育迟缓。
There are approximately 100,000 proteins in humans with various physiological functions. The complement of proteins in the organism as well as their interactions is defined as the proteome. Its analysis (proteomics) by highly specific, sensitive, and accurate MS has been made possible with matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization or electrospray ionization of proteins and large peptides. Currently, the most commonly used proteomics technologies involve either specific digestion of proteins (the bottom-up approach using 2-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and multidimensional protein identification technology) or direct analysis of intact proteins after their chromatographic separation (the top-down approach and surface-enhanced laser desorption ionization). Proteomics holds great promise for discoveries in nutrition research, including profiles and characteristics of dietary and body proteins; digestion, absorption, and metabolism of nutrients; functions of nutrients and other dietary factors in growth, reproduction, and health; biomarkers of the nutritional status and disease; and individualized requirements of nutrients. The proteome analysis is expected to play an important role in solving major nutrition-associated problems in humans and animals, such as obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, aging, and intrauterine fetal retardation.