Early onset idiopathic scoliosis
Early onset idiopathic scoliosis
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DOI：
10.5435/00124635-200602000-00005
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发表时间：
2006-02-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Akbarnia, BA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gillingham, BL;Fan, RA;Akbarnia, BA
早发性脊柱侧弯的儿童通常在 5 岁之前出现。放射线照相标准有助于区分进展病例和自行消退病例。未经治疗的进展病例可能会出现严重的心肺问题。应进行全面评估，以确定常见的相关疾病，例如斜头畸形、先天性心脏病、腹股沟疝气和髋关节发育不良。对于> 20度的曲线，需要进行神经轴磁共振成像以排除隐匿性中枢神经系统病变。当非手术措施（包括支撑和石膏）无法阻止进展时，应考虑手术治疗。手术方法不断发展，主要目的是获得和维持曲线矫正，同时保持脊柱和躯干生长。
Children with early onset scoliosis typically present before age 5 years. Radiographic criteria help to distinguish progressive cases from those that will spontaneously resolve. Severe cardiopulmonary problems may occur in untreated progressive cases. A comprehensive evaluation should be performed to identify commonly associated conditions, such as plagiocephaly, congenital heart disease, inguinal hernia, and hip dysplasia. For curves > 20 degrees, magnetic resonance imaging of the neural axis is indicated to rule out occult central nervous system lesions. Surgical management should be considered when nonsurgical measures, including bracing and casting, fail to arrest progression. Surgical methods continue to evolve and are primarily directed at obtaining and maintaining curve correction while simultaneously preserving spinal and trunk growth.