The case for wider use of testing for HIV infection.
The case for wider use of testing for HIV infection.
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更广泛地使用艾滋病毒感染检测的理由。
DOI：
--
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发表时间：
1989
影响因子：
158.5
通讯作者：
D. Maki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
F. Rhame;D. Maki
医疗机构和政府一直不愿意推广广泛的人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）检测，尽管这可以经济和准确地完成。有充分的理由对历史上最严重的传染病之一进行更多的测试。1987年，估计有100多万人感染艾滋病毒，其中大多数人不知道自己感染了艾滋病毒。目前让艾滋病毒感染者了解这种疾病的方法并不有效。许多人没有意识到艾滋病毒的早期发现是重要的，它是可以治疗的。在增加检测的地方，有证据表明艾滋病毒感染者的不安全性行为减少了。早期发现艾滋病毒的另一个好处是确定实验性治疗的候选人。有报道称，齐多夫定在接触艾滋病毒后立即有效，医院应向接触感染者血液或体液的人员免费提供这种治疗。应评估医院预防措施的有效性，然后决定对患者进行常规筛查。在卫生保健系统中进行艾滋病毒检测可能会赶走那些感染者或担心自己感染的人。另一个反对更广泛测试的论点是假阳性测试结果，但使用顺序酶免疫测定法进行筛查，然后进行Western印迹，很少会产生假阳性结果。这是对所有承认与同性恋男子发生性接触、任何共用针头和任何多次不安全的异性接触的患者进行检测的最低要求。此外，强烈建议对产前患者进行检测，因为早期检测可以做出堕胎决定，也可以防止再次怀孕。
There has been reluctance by the medical establishment and government to promote extensive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing, even though it can be done economically and accurately. There are good arguments for more testing of 1 of the most serious epidemics of a infectious diseases in history. In 1987 there was estimated to be over 1 million people infected with HIV and most of them are unaware of the infection. The current methods to make people with HIV infection aware of the disease are not effective. Many people do not realize that early detection of HIV is important and that it is treatable. Where increased testing has been done there is evidence that unsafe sexual practices have been reduced by those with HIV. Another benefit of early detection of HIV is the identification of candidates for experimental therapies. There are reports that zidovudine is effective immediately after exposure to HIV, and hospitals should offer this treatment free to personnel exposed to blood or body fluids of an infected person. The effectiveness of hospital precautions should be evaluated and routine screening of patients can then be decided. Testing for HIV in the health care system could drive away those infected or who fear they are. Another argument against wider testing is false positive test results, but use of screening with sequential enzyme immunoassays followed by Western blot should rarely produce false positive results. It is a minimum requirement to test all patients that acknowledge sexual contact with homosexual men, any needle sharing, and any multiple unsafe heterosexual contacts. Also, testing of prenatal patients is strongly recommended, since early detection can allow abortion decision to be made, and also further pregnancies can be prevented.
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携带艾滋病毒抗体的血友病患者处于活动性感染状态。
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1988
期刊：
JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association
影响因子：
--
作者：
Jackson,JB;Sannerud,KJ;Hopsicker,JS;Kwok,SY;Edson,JR;BalfourJr,HH
通讯作者：
BalfourJr,HH
人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体的蛋白质（西方）免疫印迹测定质量控制的重现性。
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Edwards,VM;Mosley,JW
通讯作者：
Mosley,JW
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
SELWYN, PA;HARTEL, D;FRIEDLAND, GH
通讯作者：
FRIEDLAND, GH
围产期人类免疫缺陷病毒感染。
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Pitt,J
通讯作者：
Pitt,J
猫白血病病毒感染猫中的 3-叠氮基-3-脱氧胸苷：艾滋病治疗和预防的模型。
影响因子：
11.2
作者：
Tavares,L;Roneker,C;Johnston,K;Lehrman,SN;deNoronha,F
通讯作者：
deNoronha,F