Nonlinear, Active, and Tunable Metasurfaces for Advanced Electromagnetics Applications
Nonlinear, Active, and Tunable Metasurfaces for Advanced Electromagnetics Applications
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DOI：
10.1109/access.2017.2776291
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Sievenpiper, Daniel F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, Aobo;Luo, Zhangjie;Sievenpiper, Daniel F.
我们展示了一系列用于各种电磁应用的非线性、有源和可调谐的元表面。通过在周期性图案的金属表面上填充非线性或有源电路元件，这种超表面获得了一系列奇异的特性。电路元件如二极管、变容管、晶体管和其他器件可以手动控制、主动控制或自适应控制。这使得非线性超表面具有主动调谐、功率依赖行为、自聚焦、可重构表面拓扑或频率自调谐能力。功率相关的超表面可以应用于仅吸收高功率表面波的有源射频吸收器，以防止敏感器件的故障或损坏。基于整流器的波形相关超表面吸收器可以专门设计用于吸收高功率脉冲波或连续波。基于晶体管的表面波超表面吸收器提供了另一种自由度，因为它可以手动切换以调谐吸收器，或者可以使用计算机控制的反馈进行调谐。首次在射频频率下证明了高功率表面波的自聚焦效应。可重构和自调谐的超材料表面可用于支持宽带可重构天线系统或适应宽范围的输入频率。本文讨论了非线性和有源可调谐超表面的概念，包括全波仿真分析的结果、EM/电路联合仿真的结果、波导中的实验结果，使用近场扫描仪，以及在消声室中的远场测量。
We demonstrate a series of nonlinear, active, and tunable metasurfaces for a variety of electromagnetic applications. The metasurfaces have achieved a range of exotic properties by populating nonlinear or active circuit components on a periodically patterned metallic surface. The circuit components such as diodes, varactors, transistors, and other devices can be controlled manually, actively, or self-adaptively. This allows nonlinear metasurfaces to have active tuning, power-dependent behavior, self-focusing, reconfigurable surface topology, or frequency self-tuning capabilities. The power-dependent metasurfaces can be applied to active RF absorbers that only absorb high-power surface waves to prevent malfunction or damages to sensitive devices. The rectifier-based waveform-dependent metasurface absorber can be specifically designed to absorb either high power pulsed waves or continuous waves. The transistor based surface wave metasurface absorber provides another degree of freedom in that it can be manually switched to tune the absorber, or it can be tuned using computer controlled feedback. The self-focusing effect has been demonstrated for the first time at RF frequencies to automatically collimate high-power surface waves. The reconfigurable and self-tuning metamaterial surfaces can be implemented to support a broadband reconfigurable antenna system or to adapt to a wide range of incoming frequencies. In this paper, the concepts of nonlinear and active tunable metasurfaces are discussed, including results of full-wave simulation analysis, EM/circuit co-simulation, and experimental results in waveguides, using a near-field scanner, as well as far-field measurements in an anechoic chamber.