Social inferences from physical evidence via bayesian event reconstruction.
Social inferences from physical evidence via bayesian event reconstruction.
复制标题
通过贝叶斯事件重建从物理证据进行社会推论。
DOI：
10.1037/xge0001182
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发表时间：
2022
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Jara-Ettinger, Julian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lopez-Brau, Michael;Kwon, Joseph;Jara-Ettinger, Julian
人类可以通过观察彼此的行为做出显著的社会推论。然而，在许多情况下，人们也可以仅仅根据留下的物理证据，对他们看不到行为的代理人进行社会推断。我们假设，这种能力是由一种形式的心理事件重建。在这种解释下，观察者通过重建代理人的行为，基于揭示他们存在的物理证据，得出社会推论。我们提出了一个计算模型，这个想法，嵌入在一个贝叶斯框架的行动理解，并表明其预测与人类的推理具有很高的定量准确性。具体来说，实验1表明，人们可以从一小堆饼干屑中推断出一个代理来自哪里，以及他们在房间里追求的目标。实验2表明，人们可以显式地重建代理采取的行动，这些重建的轨迹可以预测实验1的入口点和目标推理。最后，实验3表明，人们也可以根据两堆饼干屑的位置来推断房间里是一个还是两个代理。我们的研究结果揭示了人们如何从物理世界中提取社会信息。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2022阿帕，保留所有权利）
Humans can make remarkable social inferences by watching each other’s behavior. In many cases, however, people can also make social inferences about agents whose behavior they cannot see, based only on the physical evidence left behind. We hypothesized that this capacity is supported by a form of mental event reconstruction. Under this account, observers derive social inferences by reconstructing the agent’s behavior, based on the physical evidence that revealed their presence. We present a computational model of this idea, embedded in a Bayesian framework for action understanding, and show that its predictions match human inferences with high quantitative accuracy. Specifically, Experiment 1 shows that people can infer where an agent came from and which goal they pursued in a room, all from a small pile of cookie crumbs. Experiment 2 shows that people can explicitly reconstruct the actions that the agent took, and these reconstructed trajectories can predict the entry point and goal inferences from Experiment 1. Finally, Experiment 3 shows that people can also infer whether one or two agents were in a room based on the position of two piles of cookie crumbs. Our results shed light on how people extract social information from the physical world.(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)