Immune tolerance of vector beetle to its partner plant parasitic nematode modulated by its insect parasitic nematode
Immune tolerance of vector beetle to its partner plant parasitic nematode modulated by its insect parasitic nematode
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媒介甲虫对其昆虫寄生线虫调节的伙伴植物寄生线虫的免疫耐受性
DOI：
10.1096/fj.201800247r
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Jiang Hua Sun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jiao Zhou;Li Lin Zhao;Hai Ying Yu;Yan Hong Wang;Wei Zhang;Song Nian Hu;Zhen Zou;Jiang Hua Sun
昆虫媒介对传播病原体或昆虫宿主对寄生虫的免疫反应已得到充分研究，但三方相互作用的机制仍然难以捉摸。在这项研究中，我们研究了媒介甲虫松墨天牛 (Ma) 与毁灭性植物寄生线虫松材线虫 (Bx) 和昆虫寄生线虫叶须线虫 (Hp) 的免疫相互作用。我们报道了矢量甲虫独特的免疫机制，通过该机制，矢量甲虫能够耐受其气管中许多毁灭性的 Bx，但这种免疫耐受性会受到寄生线虫 Hp 的损害。与任何一种线虫接触都会触发 Ma 中上皮活性氧 (ROS) 的产生。只有 Bx（而非 Hp）感染的进入才会诱导抗氧化基因表达增加，从而使甲虫气管中的 ROS 水平达到平衡。此外，我们发现 Toll 受体的相互作用诱导了抗氧化基因的上调。相比之下，感染 Hp 的甲虫在气管中保留高水平的氧化应激和黑色化，从而降低 Bx 负荷。这项研究强调了 Toll 受体在介导植物寄生线虫免疫耐受中抗氧化基因激活中的作用，并建议使用昆虫寄生虫作为生物控制。-Zhou, J.、Zhao, L.-L.、Yu, H.-Y.、Wang, Y.-H.、Zhang, W.、Hu, S.-N.、Zou, Z.、Sun, J.-H.。媒介甲虫对其伙伴植物寄生线虫的免疫耐受性由其昆虫寄生线虫调节。 FASEB J. 32, 4862–4877 (2018)。 www.fasebj.org
Immune response of insect vectors to transmitted pathogens or insect hosts against parasites are well studied, whereas the mechanism of tripartite interactions remains elusive. In this study, we investigated the immune interactions of the vector beetle Monochamus alternatus (Ma) to the devastating plant parasitic nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus (Bx) and the insect parasitic nematode Howardula phyllotretae (Hp). We report the unique immune mechanism by which the vectorbeetle tolerates many devastating Bx in its trachea, yet that immune tolerance is compromised by the parasitic nematode Hp. Contact with either nematode species triggers epithelial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in Ma. Only the entry of Bx, not Hp, infection, induces increased expression of antioxidative genes, through which the ROS levels are balanced in the trachea of beetles. Furthermore, we found that up‐regulation of antioxidative genes was induced by the interaction of Toll receptors. In contrast, beetles infected by Hp retain high levels of oxidative stress and melanization in trachea, and as a result, decrease Bx loading. This study highlights the role of Toll receptors in mediating the activation of antioxidative genes in immune tolerance to plant parasitic nematodes, and suggests the use of insect parasites as a biologic control.—Zhou, J., Zhao, L.‐L., Yu, H.‐Y., Wang, Y.‐H., Zhang, W., Hu, S.‐N., Zou, Z., Sun, J.‐H. Immune tolerance of vector beetle to its partner plant parasitic nematode modulated by its insect parasitic nematode. FASEB J. 32, 4862–4877 (2018). www.fasebj.org