THE ROLE OF THE CEREBELLUM IN MOTOR CONTROL AND PERCEPTION
THE ROLE OF THE CEREBELLUM IN MOTOR CONTROL AND PERCEPTION
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DOI：
10.1159/000113822
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发表时间：
1993-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
PAULIN, MG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
PAULIN, MG
小脑在控制和协调运动方面有重要作用，但在某些物种中，特别是在Mormyridae科的弱电鱼类中，解剖学，电生理学和行为学证据表明小脑皮层的部分与跟踪动物周围物体的运动有关，而不是控制动物本身的运动。这种异常的存在表明小脑可能不是唯一的，甚至不是主要的运动控制结构。本文回顾的证据表明，小脑与用于跟踪环境中目标运动的感觉系统有关，以及动物本身的运动，在所有脊椎动物中，而不仅仅是在少数孤立的情况下。证据表明，小脑的功能是控制和协调运动的标准理论只是小脑功能的部分特征。小脑可以更好地描述为跟踪系统，在控制和协调运动中起重要作用，这是因为动物需要跟踪移动物体，跟踪自己的运动，并分析运动的感官后果以控制运动。该理论不仅预测了小脑功能障碍的已知运动后果，还预测了由小脑功能障碍引起的一种特定类型的感知缺陷，即无法准确跟踪和预测环境中移动物体的轨迹。除了运动控制和运动跟踪之外，各种行为和感知任务可能需要动态状态估计，因此可能涉及小脑。
The cerebellum has an important role in control and coordination of movements, but in some species, notably weakly electric fish of the family Mormyridae, anatomical, electrophysiological and behavioural evidence indicates that parts of cerebellar cortex are concerned with tracking movements of objects around the animal, rather than with controlling movements of the animal itself. The existence of such anomalies suggests that the cerebellum may not be exclusively, or even primarily, a structure for motor control. Evidence reviewed in this paper shows that the cerebellum is associated with sensory systems used for tracking movements of targets in the environment, as well as movements made by the animal itself, in all vertebrates, not just in a few isolated cases. The evidence indicates that the standard theory that the function of the cerebellum is control and coordination of movements only partially characterises cerebellar function. The cerebellum may be better characterised as a tracking system, with an important role in control and coordination of movements which arises because of an animal's need to track moving objects, to track its own movements, and to analyse the sensory consequences of movements in order to control movements. This theory not only predicts the known motor consequences of cerebellar dysfunction, it also predicts a specific kind of perceptual deficit caused by cerebellar dysfunction, namely an inability to accurately follow and predict trajectories of objects moving in the environment. A variety of behavioural and perceptual tasks in addition to motor control and movement tracking may require dynamical state estimation, and therefore may involve the cerebellum.